Lines

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) · 1847

iambic trimeter · ABAB · 28 lines · from Poems

Love scatters oilOn Life's dark sea,Sweetens its toil--Our helmsman he.

Around him hoverOdorous clouds;Under this coverHis arrows he shrouds.

The cloud was around me,I knew not whySuch sweetness crowned me.While Time shot by.

No pain was within,But calm delight,Like a world without sin,Or a day without night.

The shafts of the godWere tipped with down,For they drew no blood,And they knit no frown.

I knew of them notUntil Cupid laughed loud,And saying "You're caught!"Flew off in the cloud.

O then I awoke,And I lived but to sigh,Till a clear voice spoke,--And my tears are dry.

Words in this poem

hover n.
A cover; a shelter; a protection. Carew. C. Kingsley. [Etymol. doubtful.]
cupid
The god of love, son of Venus; usually represented as a naked, winged boy with bow and arrow. [L.Cupido, fr. cupido desire, desire of love, fr. cupidus. See Cupidity.]
spoke n.
The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Lines is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems Household Edition, Project Gutenberg ebook #12843; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Lines, in Poems (1847), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12843, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/emerson-poems/lines.html, id L07415.

Form and metre

Lines is 28 lines in 7 stanzas of 4 lines each. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, complete in 6 of its 7 stanzas. The metre is iambic trimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 99% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 5.0 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 21% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic trimeter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABAB oilA · seaB · toilA · heB
  2. 2 ABAB hoverA · cloudsB · coverA · shroudsB
  3. 3 ABAB meA · whyB · meA · byB
  4. 4 ABAB withinA · delightB · sinA · nightB
  5. 5 -A-A god · downA · blood · frownA
  6. 6 ABAB notA · loudB · caughtA · cloudB
  7. 7 ABAB awokeA · sighB · spokeA · dryB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic trimeter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Love scatters oil4·/˘·
On Life's dark sea,4····
Sweetens its toil--4/˘··
Our helmsman he.5/˘/··
Around him hover5···/˘
Odorous clouds;4/˘˘·
Under this cover5···/˘
His arrows he shrouds.5·/˘··
The cloud was around me,6······
I knew not why4····
Such sweetness crowned me.5·/˘··
While Time shot by.4····
No pain was within,5·····
But calm delight,4··˘/
Like a world without sin,6······
Or a day without night.6······
The shafts of the god5·····
Were tipped with down,4····
For they drew no blood,5·····
And they knit no frown.5·····
I knew of them not5·····
Until Cupid laughed loud,7··/˘·˘·
And saying "You're caught!"5·/˘··
Flew off in the cloud.5·····
O then I awoke,5···˘/
And I lived but to sigh,7···˘···
Till a clear voice spoke,--5·····
And my tears are dry.5·····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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