The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock

T. S. Eliot (1888–1965) · 1917

iambic pentameter · 137 lines · from Prufrock and Other Observations

S’io credesse che mia risposta fosseA persona che mai tornasse al mondo,Questa fiamma staria senza piu scosse.Ma perciocche giammai di questo fondoNon torno vivo alcun, s’i’odo il vero,Senza tema d’infamia ti rispondo.

Let us go then, you and I,When the evening is spread out against the skyLike a patient etherized upon a table;Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets,The muttering retreatsOf restless nights in one-night cheap hotelsAnd sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells:Streets that follow like a tedious argumentOf insidious intentTo lead you to an overwhelming question ...Oh, do not ask, “What is it?”Let us go and make our visit.

In the room the women come and goTalking of Michelangelo.

The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes,The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes,Licked its tongue into the corners of the evening,Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains,Let fall upon its back the soot that falls from chimneys,Slipped by the terrace, made a sudden leap,And seeing that it was a soft October night,Curled once about the house, and fell asleep.

And indeed there will be timeFor the yellow smoke that slides along the street,Rubbing its back upon the window-panes;There will be time, there will be timeTo prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet;There will be time to murder and create,And time for all the works and days of handsThat lift and drop a question on your plate;Time for you and time for me,And time yet for a hundred indecisions,And for a hundred visions and revisions,Before the taking of a toast and tea.

In the room the women come and goTalking of Michelangelo.

And indeed there will be timeTo wonder, “Do I dare?” and, “Do I dare?”Time to turn back and descend the stair,With a bald spot in the middle of my hair--(They will say: “How his hair is growing thin!”)My morning coat, my collar mounting firmly to the chin,My necktie rich and modest, but asserted by a simple pin--(They will say: “But how his arms and legs are thin!”)Do I dareDisturb the universe?In a minute there is timeFor decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse.

For I have known them all already, known them all:Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,I have measured out my life with coffee spoons;I know the voices dying with a dying fallBeneath the music from a farther room.So how should I presume?And I have known the eyes already, known them all--The eyes that fix you in a formulated phrase,And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,Then how should I beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways?And how should I presume?

And I have known the arms already, known them all--Arms that are braceleted and white and bare(But in the lamplight, downed with light brown hair!)Is it perfume from a dressThat makes me so digress?Arms that lie along a table, or wrap about a shawl.And should I then presume?And how should I begin?

Shall I say, I have gone at dusk through narrow streetsAnd watched the smoke that rises from the pipesOf lonely men in shirt-sleeves, leaning out of windows? ...

I should have been a pair of ragged clawsScuttling across the floors of silent seas.

And the afternoon, the evening, sleeps so peacefully!Smoothed by long fingers,Asleep ... tired ... or it malingers,Stretched on the floor, here beside you and me.Should I, after tea and cakes and ices,Have the strength to force the moment to its crisis?But though I have wept and fasted, wept and prayed,Though I have seen my head (grown slightly bald) brought in upon a platter,I am no prophet--and here’s no great matter;I have seen the moment of my greatness flicker,And I have seen the eternal Footman hold my coat, and snicker,And in short, I was afraid.

And would it have been worth it, after all,After the cups, the marmalade, the tea,Among the porcelain, among some talk of you and me,Would it have been worth while,To have bitten off the matter with a smile,To have squeezed the universe into a ballTo roll it toward some overwhelming question,To say: “I am Lazarus, come from the dead,Come back to tell you all, I shall tell you all”--If one, settling a pillow by her head,Should say: “That is not what I meant at all;That is not it, at all.”

And would it have been worth it, after all,Would it have been worth while,After the sunsets and the dooryards and the sprinkled streets,After the novels, after the teacups, after the skirts that trail along thefloor--And this, and so much more?--It is impossible to say just what I mean!But as if a magic lantern threw the nerves in patterns on a screen:Would it have been worth whileIf one, settling a pillow or throwing off a shawl,And turning toward the window, should say:“That is not it at all,That is not what I meant, at all.”

No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;Am an attendant lord, one that will doTo swell a progress, start a scene or two,Advise the prince; no doubt, an easy tool,Deferential, glad to be of use,Politic, cautious, and meticulous;Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse;At times, indeed, almost ridiculous--Almost, at times, the Fool.

I grow old ... I grow old ...I shall wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled.

Shall I part my hair behind? Do I dare to eat a peach?I shall wear white flannel trousers, and walk upon the beach.I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each.

I have seen them riding seaward on the wavesCombing the white hair of the waves blown backWhen the wind blows the water white and black.We have lingered in the chambers of the seaBy sea-girls wreathed with seaweed red and brownTill human voices wake us, and we drown.

Words in this poem 17
fosse n.
A ditch or moat. [F., fr. L. fossa, fr. fodere, fossum, to dig.]
senza prep.
Without; as, senza stromenti, without instruments. [It.]
insidious a.
Lying in wait; watching an opportunity to insnare or entrap; deceitful; sly; treacherous; -- said of persons; as, the insidious foe. [L. insidiosus, fr. insidiae an ambush, fr. insidere to sit in; pref. in- + sedere to sit: cf. F. insidieux. See Sit.]
necktie n.
A scarf, band, or kerchief of silk, etc., passing around the neck or collar and tied in front; a bow of silk, etc., fastened in front of the neck.
presume v. t.
To assume or take beforehand; esp., to do or undertake without leave or authority previously obtained. [F. présumer, L. praesumere, praesumptum; prae before + sumere to take. See Assume, Redeem.]
lamplight n.
Light from a lamp.
digress n.
Digression. Fuller.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
afternoon n.
The part of the day which follows noon, between noon and evening.
crisis n.
The point of time when it is to be decided whether any affair or course of action must go on, or be modified or terminate; the decisive moment; the turning point. [L. crisis, Gr. Certain.]
platter n.
One who plats or braids. [From Plat to braid.]
flicker v. i.
To flutter; to flap the wings without flying. [OE. flikeren, flekeren, to flutter, AS. flicerian, flicorian, cf. D. flikkeren to sparkle. Flacker.]
snicker v. i.
To laugh slyly; to laugh in one's sleeve. [Cf. D. snikken to sob, to sigh.]
settling n.
The act of one who, or that which, settles; the act of establishing one's self, of colonizing, subsiding, adjusting, etc.
deferential a.
Expressing deference; accustomed to defer. [See Deference.]
meticulous a.
Timid; fearful. [L. meticulosus, fr. metus fear: cf. F. méticuleux.]
seaward a.
Directed or situated toward the sea. Donne.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is in the public domain. This text is taken from Prufrock and Other Observations, Project Gutenberg ebook #1459; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: T. S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, in Prufrock and Other Observations (1917), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1459, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/eliot-prufrock/the-love-song-of-j-alfred-prufrock.html, id L04650.

Form and metre

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is 137 lines in 18 stanzas. This poem did not settle on a metre of its own; the book it comes from is in iambic pentameter. 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 22 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 22% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABAB-B fosseA · mondoB · scosseA · fondoB · vero · rispondoB
  2. 2 AA-BBCCDD-EE iA · skyA · table · streetsB · retreatsB · hotelsC · shellsC · argumentD · intentD · question · itE · visitE
  3. 3 AA goA · michelangeloA
  4. 4 AA-A-B-B panesA · panesA · evening · drainsA · chimneys · leapB · night · asleepB
  5. 5 AB-ABC-CDEED timeA · streetB · panes · timeA · meetB · createC · hands · plateC · meD · indecisionsE · revisionsE · teaD
  6. 6 AA goA · michelangeloA
  7. 7 ABBBCCCCBDAD timeA · dareB · stairB · hairB · thinC · chinC · pinC · thinC · dareB · universeD · timeA · reverseD
  8. 8 ABBACCADEAEDC allA · afternoonsB · spoonsB · fallA · roomC · presumeC · allA · phraseD · pinE · wallA · beginE · waysD · presumeC
  9. 9 ABBCCA-- allA · bareB · hairB · dressC · digressC · shawlA · presume · begin
  10. 12 -AA---BCCDDB peacefully · fingersA · malingersA · me · ices · crisis · prayedB · platterC · matterC · flickerD · snickerD · afraidB
  11. 13 ABBCCA-DADAA allA · teaB · meB · whileC · smileC · ballA · question · deadD · allA · headD · allA · allA
  12. 14 AB--CCDDBA-AA allA · whileB · streets · the · floorC · moreC · meanD · screenD · whileB · shawlA · say · allA · allA
  13. 15 -AABCDCDB be · doA · twoA · toolB · useC · meticulousD · obtuseC · ridiculousD · foolB
  14. 16 AA oldA · rolledA
  15. 17 AAA peachA · beachA · eachA
  16. 18 -AA-BB waves · backA · blackA · sea · brownB · drownB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
S’io credesse che mia risposta fosse10····/˘····
A persona che mai tornasse al mondo,11·˘/˘·····/˘
Questa fiamma staria senza piu scosse.10······/˘··
Ma perciocche giammai di questo fondo10··········
Non torno vivo alcun, s’i’odo il vero,12·/˘/˘·····/˘
Senza tema d’infamia ti rispondo.11/˘·········
Let us go then, you and I,7·······
When the evening is spread out against the sky11··/˘·······
Like a patient etherized upon a table;12··/˘······/˘
Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets,11····/˘·˘/˘·
The muttering retreats6·/˘˘˘/
Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels10·/˘·····˘/
And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells:10·/·/˘··/˘·
Streets that follow like a tedious argument11··/˘··/˘/˘˘
Of insidious intent7·˘/˘˘˘/
To lead you to an overwhelming question ...11······˘/˘/˘
Oh, do not ask, “What is it?”7·······
Let us go and make our visit.9·····/˘/˘
In the room the women come and go9····/˘···
Talking of Michelangelo.8/˘··˘/˘·
The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes,14·/˘········/˘·
The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes,14·/˘····/˘··/˘·
Licked its tongue into the corners of the evening,12······/˘··/˘
Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains,10/˘········
Let fall upon its back the soot that falls from chimneys,13···········/˘
Slipped by the terrace, made a sudden leap,10···/˘··/˘·
And seeing that it was a soft October night,11·/·····˘/˘·
Curled once about the house, and fell asleep.10········˘/
And indeed there will be time7·˘/····
For the yellow smoke that slides along the street,11··/˘···˘/··
Rubbing its back upon the window-panes;10/˘·····/˘·
There will be time, there will be time8········
To prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet;13·˘/·····/˘···
There will be time to murder and create,10·····/˘·˘/
And time for all the works and days of hands10··········
That lift and drop a question on your plate;10·····/˘···
Time for you and time for me,7·······
And time yet for a hundred indecisions,11·····/˘˘˘/˘
And for a hundred visions and revisions,11···/˘/˘·˘/˘
Before the taking of a toast and tea.10···/˘·····
In the room the women come and go9····/˘···
Talking of Michelangelo.8/˘··˘/˘·
And indeed there will be time7·˘/····
To wonder, “Do I dare?” and, “Do I dare?”10·/˘·······
Time to turn back and descend the stair,9·····˘/··
With a bald spot in the middle of my hair--11······/˘···
(They will say: “How his hair is growing thin!”)10·······/˘·
My morning coat, my collar mounting firmly to the chin,14·/˘··/˘/˘/˘···
My necktie rich and modest, but asserted by a simple pin--16·/···/˘·˘/˘··/˘·
(They will say: “But how his arms and legs are thin!”)11···········
Do I dare3···
Disturb the universe?6˘/·/˘·
In a minute there is time7··/˘···
For decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse.15·˘/˘·˘/˘··/˘·˘/
For I have known them all already, known them all:12······˘/˘···
Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,10···/˘/˘·˘/
I have measured out my life with coffee spoons;11··/˘····/˘·
I know the voices dying with a dying fall12···/˘/˘··/˘·
Beneath the music from a farther room.10···/˘··/˘·
So how should I presume?6····˘/
And I have known the eyes already, known them all--12······˘/˘···
The eyes that fix you in a formulated phrase,12·······/˘·˘·
And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,13····/˘·˘/˘···
When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,10·····/˘···
Then how should I begin6····˘/
To spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways?12············
And how should I presume?6····˘/
And I have known the arms already, known them all--12······˘/˘···
Arms that are braceleted and white and bare10···/˘˘····
(But in the lamplight, downed with light brown hair!)10···/˘·····
Is it perfume from a dress7··˘/···
That makes me so digress?6····˘/
Arms that lie along a table, or wrap about a shawl.14···˘/·/˘······
And should I then presume?6····˘/
And how should I begin?6····˘/
Shall I say, I have gone at dusk through narrow streets12·········/˘·
And watched the smoke that rises from the pipes10·····/˘···
Of lonely men in shirt-sleeves, leaning out of windows? ...13·/˘····/˘··/˘
I should have been a pair of ragged claws10·······/˘·
Scuttling across the floors of silent seas.10/˘˘/···/˘·
And the afternoon, the evening, sleeps so peacefully!12···˘/·/˘··/˘
Smoothed by long fingers,5···/˘
Asleep ... tired ... or it malingers,10˘//˘˘·····
Stretched on the floor, here beside you and me.10·····˘/···
Should I, after tea and cakes and ices,10········/˘
Have the strength to force the moment to its crisis?12······/˘··/˘
But though I have wept and fasted, wept and prayed,11······/˘···
Though I have seen my head (grown slightly bald) brought in upon a platter,17·······/˘······/˘
I am no prophet--and here’s no great matter;11···/˘····/˘
I have seen the moment of my greatness flicker,12····/˘··/˘/˘
And I have seen the eternal Footman hold my coat, and snicker,16·····˘/˘/˘····/˘
And in short, I was afraid.7·····˘/
And would it have been worth it, after all,10··········
After the cups, the marmalade, the tea,10·····/˘···
Among the porcelain, among some talk of you and me,13···/˘········
Would it have been worth while,6······
To have bitten off the matter with a smile,11··/˘··/˘···
To have squeezed the universe into a ball11····/˘·····
To roll it toward some overwhelming question,12·······˘/˘/˘
To say: “I am Lazarus, come from the dead,10····/˘····
Come back to tell you all, I shall tell you all”--11···········
If one, settling a pillow by her head,10··/˘·/˘···
Should say: “That is not what I meant at all;10··········
That is not it, at all.”6······
And would it have been worth it, after all,10··········
Would it have been worth while,6······
After the sunsets and the dooryards and the sprinkled streets,14···/·······/˘·
After the novels, after the teacups, after the skirts that trail along the19···/˘···/·······˘/·
floor--1·
And this, and so much more?--6······
It is impossible to say just what I mean!11··˘/˘······
But as if a magic lantern threw the nerves in patterns on a screen:17····/˘/˘····/˘···
Would it have been worth while6······
If one, settling a pillow or throwing off a shawl,13··/˘·/˘·/˘···
And turning toward the window, should say:10·/˘···/˘··
“That is not it at all,6······
That is not what I meant, at all.”8········
No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;12·····/˘·····
Am an attendant lord, one that will do10··˘/˘·····
To swell a progress, start a scene or two,10···/······
Advise the prince; no doubt, an easy tool,10˘/·····/˘·
Deferential, glad to be of use,9·˘/˘·····
Politic, cautious, and meticulous;10/˘·/˘·˘/˘˘
Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse;10···/˘···˘/
At times, indeed, almost ridiculous--10··˘//·˘/˘˘
Almost, at times, the Fool.6/·····
I grow old ... I grow old ...6······
I shall wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled.10····/˘··/·
Shall I part my hair behind? Do I dare to eat a peach?14··············
I shall wear white flannel trousers, and walk upon the beach.13····/˘/······
I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each.11····/·/˘···
I have seen them riding seaward on the waves11····/˘/˘···
Combing the white hair of the waves blown back10/˘········
When the wind blows the water white and black.10·····/˘···
We have lingered in the chambers of the sea11··/˘··/˘···
By sea-girls wreathed with seaweed red and brown10·····/····
Till human voices wake us, and we drown.10·/˘/˘·····

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