Rhapsody on a Windy Night
Twelve o’clock.Along the reaches of the streetHeld in a lunar synthesis,Whispering lunar incantationsDissolve the floors of the memoryAnd all its clear relations,Its divisions and precisions,Every street lamp that I passBeats like a fatalistic drum,And through the spaces of the darkMidnight shakes the memoryAs a madman shakes a dead geranium.
Half-past one,The street lamp sputtered,The street lamp muttered,The street lamp said,“Regard that womanWho hesitates toward you in the light of the doorWhich opens on her like a grin.You see the border of her dressIs torn and stained with sand,And you see the corner of her eyeTwists like a crooked pin.”
The memory throws up high and dryA crowd of twisted things;A twisted branch upon the beachEaten smooth, and polishedAs if the world gave upThe secret of its skeleton,Stiff and white.A broken spring in a factory yard,Rust that clings to the form that the strength has leftHard and curled and ready to snap.
Half-past two,The street lamp said,“Remark the cat which flattens itself in the gutter,Slips out its tongueAnd devours a morsel of rancid butter.”So the hand of a child, automaticSlipped out and pocketed a toy that was running along the quay.I could see nothing behind that child’s eye.I have seen eyes in the streetTrying to peer through lighted shutters,And a crab one afternoon in a pool,An old crab with barnacles on his back,Gripped the end of a stick which I held him.
Half-past three,The lamp sputtered,The lamp muttered in the dark.
The lamp hummed:“Regard the moon,La lune ne garde aucune rancune,She winks a feeble eye,She smiles into corners.She smoothes the hair of the grass.The moon has lost her memory.A washed-out smallpox cracks her face,Her hand twists a paper rose,That smells of dust and old Cologne,She is aloneWith all the old nocturnal smellsThat cross and cross across her brain.The reminiscence comesOf sunless dry geraniumsAnd dust in crevices,Smells of chestnuts in the streets,And female smells in shuttered rooms,And cigarettes in corridorsAnd cocktail smells in bars.”
The lamp said,“Four o’clock,Here is the number on the door.Memory!You have the key,The little lamp spreads a ring on the stair,Mount.The bed is open; the tooth-brush hangs on the wallPut your shoes at the door, sleep, prepare for life.”The last twist of the knife.
Words in this poem
- fatalistic a.
- Implying, or partaking of the nature of, fatalism.
- grin n.
- A snare; a gin. [AS. grin.]
- quay n.
- A mole, bank, or wharf, formed toward the sea, or at the side of a harbor, river, or other navigable water, for convenience in loading and unloading vessels. [F. quai. See Key quay.]
- afternoon n.
- The part of the day which follows noon, between noon and evening.
- lune n.
- Anything in the shape of a half moon. [L. luna moon: cf. F. lune. See Luna.]
- cologne n.
- A perfumed liquid, composed of alcohol and certain aromatic oils, used in the toilet; -- called also cologne water and eau de cologne. [Originally made in Cologne, the French name of Köln, a city in Germany.]
- reminiscence n.
- The act or power of recalling past experience; the state of being reminiscent; remembrance; memory. [F. réminiscence, L. reminiscentia.]
- sunless a.
- Destitute or deprived of the sun or its rays; shaded; shadowed.
- shuttered a.
- Furnished with shutters.
- cocktail n.
- A beverage made of brandy, whisky, or gin, iced, flavored, and sweetened. [U. S.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Rhapsody on a Windy Night is in the public domain. This text is taken from Prufrock and Other Observations, Project Gutenberg ebook #1459; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: T. S. Eliot, Rhapsody on a Windy Night, in Prufrock and Other Observations (1917), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1459, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/eliot-prufrock/rhapsody-on-a-windy-night.html, id L04656.
Form and metre
Rhapsody on a Windy Night is 79 lines in 7 stanzas. 91% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.2 syllables. 23 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 31% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ---ABA--C-BC o'clock · street · synthesis · incantationsA · memoryB · relationsA · precisions · pass · drumC · dark · memoryB · geraniumC
- 2 ABBBA-C---C oneA · sputteredB · mutteredB · saidB · womanA · door · grinC · dress · sand · eye · pinC
- 4 --A-A-BB----- two · said · gutterA · tongue · butterA · automatic · quayB · eyeB · street · shutters · pool · back · him
- 6 -AA-B---BCC--DD--D-- hummed · moonA · rancuneA · eye · cornersB · grass · memory · face · roseB · cologneC · aloneC · smells · brain · comesD · geraniumsD · crevices · streets · roomsD · corridors · bars
- 7 --------AA said · o'clock · door · memory · key · stair · mount · wall · lifeA · knifeA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Twelve o’clock. | 3 | ·˘/ |
| Along the reaches of the street | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| Held in a lunar synthesis, | 8 | ···/˘/˘˘ |
| Whispering lunar incantations | 9 | /˘˘/˘˘//˘ |
| Dissolve the floors of the memory | 9 | ˘/····/˘˘ |
| And all its clear relations, | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| Its divisions and precisions, | 8 | ·˘/˘·˘/˘ |
| Every street lamp that I pass | 8 | /˘˘····· |
| Beats like a fatalistic drum, | 8 | ···˘˘/˘· |
| And through the spaces of the dark | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Midnight shakes the memory | 7 | /···/˘˘ |
| As a madman shakes a dead geranium. | 11 | ··/····˘/˘˘ |
| Half-past one, | 3 | ··· |
| The street lamp sputtered, | 5 | ···/˘ |
| The street lamp muttered, | 5 | ···/˘ |
| The street lamp said, | 4 | ···· |
| “Regard that woman | 5 | ˘/·/˘ |
| Who hesitates toward you in the light of the door | 13 | ·/˘·········· |
| Which opens on her like a grin. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| You see the border of her dress | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Is torn and stained with sand, | 6 | ······ |
| And you see the corner of her eye | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| Twists like a crooked pin.” | 6 | ···/˘· |
| The memory throws up high and dry | 9 | ·/˘˘····· |
| A crowd of twisted things; | 6 | ···/˘· |
| A twisted branch upon the beach | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Eaten smooth, and polished | 6 | /˘··/˘ |
| As if the world gave up | 6 | ······ |
| The secret of its skeleton, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘˘ |
| Stiff and white. | 3 | ··· |
| A broken spring in a factory yard, | 10 | ·/˘···/˘˘· |
| Rust that clings to the form that the strength has left | 11 | ··········· |
| Hard and curled and ready to snap. | 9 | ···˘·/˘·· |
| Half-past two, | 3 | ··· |
| The street lamp said, | 4 | ···· |
| “Remark the cat which flattens itself in the gutter, | 13 | ˘/···/˘˘/··/˘ |
| Slips out its tongue | 4 | ···· |
| And devours a morsel of rancid butter.” | 11 | ·˘/·/˘·/˘/˘ |
| So the hand of a child, automatic | 10 | ·······˘/˘ |
| Slipped out and pocketed a toy that was running along the quay. | 15 | ···/˘····/˘˘/·· |
| I could see nothing behind that child’s eye. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| I have seen eyes in the street | 7 | ······· |
| Trying to peer through lighted shutters, | 9 | /˘···/˘/˘ |
| And a crab one afternoon in a pool, | 10 | ·····˘/··· |
| An old crab with barnacles on his back, | 10 | ····/˘˘··· |
| Gripped the end of a stick which I held him. | 10 | ·········· |
| Half-past three, | 3 | ··· |
| The lamp sputtered, | 4 | ··/˘ |
| The lamp muttered in the dark. | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| The lamp hummed: | 3 | ··· |
| “Regard the moon, | 4 | ˘/·· |
| La lune ne garde aucune rancune, | 8 | ········ |
| She winks a feeble eye, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| She smiles into corners. | 6 | ····/˘ |
| She smoothes the hair of the grass. | 7 | ······· |
| The moon has lost her memory. | 8 | ·····/˘˘ |
| A washed-out smallpox cracks her face, | 9 | ··˘·/···· |
| Her hand twists a paper rose, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| That smells of dust and old Cologne, | 8 | ······˘/ |
| She is alone | 4 | ··˘/ |
| With all the old nocturnal smells | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| That cross and cross across her brain. | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| The reminiscence comes | 6 | ··˘/˘· |
| Of sunless dry geraniums | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘˘ |
| And dust in crevices, | 6 | ···/˘˘ |
| Smells of chestnuts in the streets, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| And female smells in shuttered rooms, | 9 | ·/···/˘˘· |
| And cigarettes in corridors | 8 | ··˘/·/˘˘ |
| And cocktail smells in bars.” | 6 | ·/···· |
| The lamp said, | 3 | ··· |
| “Four o’clock, | 3 | ·˘/ |
| Here is the number on the door. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Memory! | 3 | /˘˘ |
| You have the key, | 4 | ···· |
| The little lamp spreads a ring on the stair, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Mount. | 1 | · |
| The bed is open; the tooth-brush hangs on the wall | 12 | ···/˘······· |
| Put your shoes at the door, sleep, prepare for life.” | 11 | ·······˘/·· |
| The last twist of the knife. | 6 | ······ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.