The Seventh Decade

Samuel Daniel (1562–1619) · 1592

iambic pentameter · ABABCDCDEFEFGG · 141 lines · from Delia, with Constable's Diana

The first created held a joyous bower,A flowering field, the world's sole wonderment,High Paradise, from whence a woman's powerEnticed him to fall to endless banishment.This on the banks of Euphrates did stand,Till the first Mover, by his wondrous might,Planted it in thine eyes, thy face, thy hands,From whence the world receives his fairest light.Thy cheeks contain choice flowers; thy eyes, two suns;Thy hands, the fruit that no life blood can stain;And in thy breath, that heavenly music wons,Which, when thou speak'st, angels their voices strain.As from the first thy sex exiled me,So to this next let me be called by thee!

Fair grace of graces, muse of muses all,Thou Paradise, thou only heaven I know!What influence hath bred my hateful woe,That I from thee and them am forced to fall?Thou falled from me, from thee I never shall,Although my fortunes thou hast brought so low;Yet shall my faith and service with thee go,For live I do, on heaven and thee to call.Banish'd all grace, no graces with me dwell;Compelled to muse, my muses from me fly;Excluded heaven, what can remain but hell?Exiled from paradise, in hate I lie,Cursing my stars; albeit I find it true,I lost all these when I lost love and you.

What viewed I, dear, when I thine eyes beheld?Love in his glory? No, him Thyrsis saw,And stood the boy, whilst he his darts did draw,Whose painted pride to baser swains he telled.Saw I two suns? That sight is seen but seld.Yet can their brood that teach the holy lawGaze on their beams, and dread them not a straw,Where princely looks are by their eyes repelled.What saw I then? Doubtless it was Amen,Armed with strong thunder and a lightning's flame,Who bridegroom like with power was riding then,Meaning that none should see him when he came.Yet did I gaze; and thereby caught the woundWhich burns my heart and keeps my body sound.

When tedious much and over weary long,Cruel disdain reflecting from her brow,Hath been the cause that I endured such wrongAnd rest thus discontent and weary now.Yet when posterity in time to come,Shall find th' uncancelled tenour of her vow,And her disdain be then confessed of some,How much unkind and long, I find it now,O yet even then--though then will be too lateTo comfort me; dead, many a day, ere then--They shall confess I did not force her heart;And time shall make it known to other menThat ne'er had her disdain made me despair,Had she not been so excellently fair.

Had she not been so excellently fair,My muse had never mourned in lines of woe;But I did too inestimable weigh her,And that's the cause I now lament me so.Yet not for her contempt do I complain me:Complaints may ease the mind, but that is all;Therefore though she too constantly disdain me,I can but sigh and grieve, and so I shall.Yet grieve I not because I must grieve ever;And yet, alas, waste tears away, in vain;I am resolved truly to persever,Though she persisteth in her old disdain.But that which grieves me most is that I seeThose which most fair, the most unkindest be.

Thus long imposed to everlasting plaining,Divinely constant to the worthiest fair,And moved by eternally disdaining,Aye to persever in unkind despair:Because now silence wearily confinedIn tedious dying and a dumb restraint,Breaks forth in tears from mine unable mindTo ease her passion by a poor complaint;O do not therefore to thyself suggestThat I can grieve to have immured so longUpon the matter of mine own unrest;Such grief is not the tenour of my song,That 'bide so zealously so bad a wrong.My grief is this; unless I speak and plain me,Thou wilt persever ever to disdain me.

Thou wilt persever ever to disdain me;And I shall then die, when thou will repent it.O do not therefore from complaint restrain me,And take my life from me, to me that lent it!For whilst these accents, weepingly exprestIn humble lines of reverentest zeal,Have issue to complaint from mine unrest,They but thy beauty's wonder shall reveal;And though the grieved muse of some other lover,Whose less devotions knew but woes like mine,Would rather seek occasion to discoverHow little pitiful and how much unkind,They other not so worthy beauties find.O, I not so! but seek with humble prayer,Means how to move th' unmercifullest fair.

As draws the golden meteor of the dayExhaled matter from the ground to heaven,And by his secret nature, there to stayThe thing fast held, and yet of hold bereaven;So by th' attractive excellence and might,Born to the power of thy transparent eyes,Drawn from myself, ravished with thy delight,Whose dumb conceits divinely sirenise,Lo, in suspense of fear and hope upholden,Diversely poised with passions that pain me,No resolution dares my thoughts embolden,Since 'tis not I, but thou that dost sustain me.O if there's none but thou can work my woe,Wilt thou be still unkind and kill me so?

Wilt thou be still unkind and kill me so,Whose humbled vows with sorrowful appealDo still persist, and did so long agoIntreat for pity with so pure a zeal?Suffice the world shall, for the world can sayHow much thy power hath power, and what it can;Never was victor-hand yet moved to slayThe rendered captive, or the yielding man.Death and disdain on him that yields his breath,To free his soul from discontent and woes,And humble sacrifice to a certain death?O since the world knows what the power can do,What were't for thee to save and love me too?

I meet not mine by others' discontent,For none compares with me in true devotion;Yet though my tears and sighs to her be spent,Her cruel heart disdains what they do motion.Yet though persisting in eternal hate,To aggravate the cause of my complaining,Her fury ne'er confineth with a date,I will not cease to love, for her disdaining.Such puny thoughts of unresolved ground,Whose inaudacity dares but base conceit,In me and my love never shall be found.Those coward thoughts unworthy minds await.But those that love well have not yet begun;Persever ever and have never done!

Words in this poem 28
wonderment n.
Surprise; astonishment; a wonderful appearance; a wonder.
wondrous adv.
In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully. [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]
hateful a.
Manifesting hate or hatred; malignant; malevolent.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
albeit conj.
Even though; although; notwithstanding. [OE. al be although it be, where al is our all. Cf. Although.]
seld a.
Rare; uncommon; unusual. Chaucer. [See Seldom.]
doubtless a.
Free from fear or suspicion.
amen interj.
An expression used at the end of prayers, and meaning, So be it. At the end of a creed, it is a solemn asseveration of belief. [L. amen, Gr. am certainly, truly.]
bridegroom n.
A man newly married, or just about to be married. [OE. bridegome, brudgume, AS. br (akin to OS. br, D. bruidegom, bruigom, OHG. pr, MHG. briutegome, G. bräutigam); AS. br bride + guma man, akin to Goth. guma, Ic]
tenour n.
A state of holding on in a continuous course; manner of continuity; constant mode; general tendency; course; career. [L., from tenere to hold; hence, properly, a holding on in a continued course: cf. F. teneur. See Tenable, and cf. Tenor a kind of voice.]
unkind a.
Having no race or kindred; childless. [See Kin kindred.]
excellently adv.
In an excellent manner; well in a high degree.
plaining a.
Complaining. Bryant.
eternally adv.
In an eternal manner.
wearily adv.
In a weary manner.
unrest n.
Want of rest or repose; unquietness; sleeplessness; uneasiness; disquietude.
repent a.
Prostrate and rooting; -- said of stems. Gray. [L. repens, -entis, creeping, p. pr. of repere to creep.]
weepingly adv.
In a weeping manner.
discover v. i.
To discover or show one's self.
sirenise v. i.
To use the enticements of a siren; to act as a siren; to fascinate.
diversely adv.
In different ways; differently; variously.
suffice v. i.
To be enough, or sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be equal to the end proposed; to be adequate. [OE. suffisen, OF. soufire, F. suffire (cf. suffisant, p.pr.), L. sufficere to put under, to substitute, to avail for, to suffice; sub under + facere to make. Se]
persisting a.
Inclined to persist; tenacious of purpose; persistent.
aggravate v. t.
To make heavy or heavier; to add to; to increase. [L. aggravatus, p. p. of aggravare. See Aggrieve.]
puny a.
Imperfectly developed in size or vigor; small and feeble; inferior; petty. [F. puîté younger, later born, OF. puisné; puis afterwards (L. post; see Post-) + né born, L. natus. See Natal, and cf. Puisne.]
await v. t.
To watch for; to look out for. [OF. awaitier, agaitier; (L. ad) + waitier, gaitier to watch, F. guetter. See Wait.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Seventh Decade is in the public domain. This text is taken from Elizabethan Sonnet-Cycles: Delia - Diana, Project Gutenberg ebook #18842; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Samuel Daniel, The Seventh Decade, in Delia, with Constable's Diana (1592), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #18842, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/daniel-delia/the-seventh-decade.html, id L02790.

Form and metre

The Seventh Decade is 141 lines in 10 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is ABABCDCDEFEFGG, complete in 7 of its 10 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%). 93% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.2 syllables. 16 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 14% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABCDCDEFEFGG bowerA · wondermentB · powerA · banishmentB · standC · mightD · handsC · lightD · sunsE · stainF · wonsE · strainF · meG · theeG
  2. 2 ABABCDCDEFEFGG allA · knowB · woeA · fallB · shallC · lowD · goC · callD · dwellE · flyF · hellE · lieF · trueG · youG
  3. 3 ABABCDCDEFEFGG beheldA · sawB · drawA · telledB · seldC · lawD · strawC · repelledD · amenE · flameF · thenE · cameF · woundG · soundG
  4. 4 ABABCDCDEFEFGG longA · browB · wrongA · nowB · comeC · vowD · someC · nowD · lateE · thenF · heartE · menF · despairG · fairG
  5. 5 ABABCDCDEFEFGG fairA · woeB · herA · soB · meC · allD · meC · shallD · everE · vainF · perseverE · disdainF · seeG · beG
  6. 6 ABABCDCDEFEFFGG plainingA · fairB · disdainingA · despairB · confinedC · restraintD · mindC · complaintD · suggestE · longF · unrestE · songF · wrongF · meG · meG
  7. 7 ABABCDCDE-EFFGG meA · itB · meA · itB · exprestC · zealD · unrestC · revealD · loverE · mine · discoverE · unkindF · findF · prayerG · fairG
  8. 8 ABABCDCDEFEFGG dayA · heavenB · stayA · bereavenB · mightC · eyesD · delightC · sireniseD · upholdenE · meF · emboldenE · meF · woeG · soG
  9. 9 ABABCDCDE-EFF soA · appealB · agoA · zealB · sayC · canD · slayC · manD · breathE · woes · deathE · doF · tooF
  10. 10 ABABCDCDEFEFGG discontentA · devotionB · spentA · motionB · hateC · complainingD · dateC · disdainingD · groundE · conceitF · foundE · awaitF · begunG · doneG
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The first created held a joyous bower,11··˘/˘··/˘/˘
A flowering field, the world's sole wonderment,11·/˘˘····/˘˘
High Paradise, from whence a woman's power11·/˘····/˘/˘
Enticed him to fall to endless banishment.11˘/····/˘/˘˘
This on the banks of Euphrates did stand,10·····˘/˘··
Till the first Mover, by his wondrous might,10···/˘··/˘·
Planted it in thine eyes, thy face, thy hands,10/˘········
From whence the world receives his fairest light.10····˘/·/˘·
Thy cheeks contain choice flowers; thy eyes, two suns;10··˘/·/····
Thy hands, the fruit that no life blood can stain;10··········
And in thy breath, that heavenly music wons,10·····/˘/˘·
Which, when thou speak'st, angels their voices strain.10····/˘·/˘·
As from the first thy sex exiled me,10······/·˘·
So to this next let me be called by thee!10··········
Fair grace of graces, muse of muses all,10···/˘··/˘·
Thou Paradise, thou only heaven I know!10·/˘··/˘/··
What influence hath bred my hateful woe,10·/˘˘···/˘·
That I from thee and them am forced to fall?10··········
Thou falled from me, from thee I never shall,10·······/˘·
Although my fortunes thou hast brought so low;10···/˘·····
Yet shall my faith and service with thee go,10·····/˘···
For live I do, on heaven and thee to call.10·····/····
Banish'd all grace, no graces with me dwell;10/˘···/˘···
Compelled to muse, my muses from me fly;10˘/···/˘···
Excluded heaven, what can remain but hell?10˘/˘/··˘/··
Exiled from paradise, in hate I lie,10/··/˘·····
Cursing my stars; albeit I find it true,11/˘··˘/˘····
I lost all these when I lost love and you.10··········
What viewed I, dear, when I thine eyes beheld?10········˘/
Love in his glory? No, him Thyrsis saw,10···/˘·····
And stood the boy, whilst he his darts did draw,10··········
Whose painted pride to baser swains he telled.10·/˘··/˘···
Saw I two suns? That sight is seen but seld.10··········
Yet can their brood that teach the holy law10·······/˘·
Gaze on their beams, and dread them not a straw,10··········
Where princely looks are by their eyes repelled.10·/˘·····˘/
What saw I then? Doubtless it was Amen,10····/˘··˘/
Armed with strong thunder and a lightning's flame,10···/˘··/˘·
Who bridegroom like with power was riding then,10·/···/·/˘·
Meaning that none should see him when he came.10/˘········
Yet did I gaze; and thereby caught the wound10··········
Which burns my heart and keeps my body sound.10·······/˘·
When tedious much and over weary long,10·/˘····/˘·
Cruel disdain reflecting from her brow,10/˘˘/˘/˘···
Hath been the cause that I endured such wrong10······˘/··
And rest thus discontent and weary now.10···˘˘/·/˘·
Yet when posterity in time to come,10··˘/˘˘····
Shall find th' uncancelled tenour of her vow,10·····/˘···
And her disdain be then confessed of some,10··˘/··˘/··
How much unkind and long, I find it now,10··˘/······
O yet even then--though then will be too late10··/·······
To comfort me; dead, many a day, ere then--10·/˘··/····
They shall confess I did not force her heart;10··˘/······
And time shall make it known to other men10·······/˘·
That ne'er had her disdain made me despair,10····˘/··˘/
Had she not been so excellently fair.10·····/˘˘˘·
Had she not been so excellently fair,10·····/˘˘˘·
My muse had never mourned in lines of woe;10···/˘·····
But I did too inestimable weigh her,11····˘/˘˘˘··
And that's the cause I now lament me so.10······˘/··
Yet not for her contempt do I complain me:11····˘/··˘/·
Complaints may ease the mind, but that is all;10˘/········
Therefore though she too constantly disdain me,10·····/˘˘/·
I can but sigh and grieve, and so I shall.10··········
Yet grieve I not because I must grieve ever;11·········/˘
And yet, alas, waste tears away, in vain;10··˘/··˘/··
I am resolved truly to persever,10··˘//˘·˘/˘
Though she persisteth in her old disdain.10··˘/˘···˘/
But that which grieves me most is that I see10··········
Those which most fair, the most unkindest be.10······˘/˘·
Thus long imposed to everlasting plaining,11··˘/··˘/˘/˘
Divinely constant to the worthiest fair,10˘/˘/˘··/˘·
And moved by eternally disdaining,10···˘/˘˘˘/˘
Aye to persever in unkind despair:10··˘/˘·˘/˘/
Because now silence wearily confined10···/˘/˘˘˘/
In tedious dying and a dumb restraint,10·/˘/˘···˘/
Breaks forth in tears from mine unable mind10······˘/˘·
To ease her passion by a poor complaint;10···/˘···˘/
O do not therefore to thyself suggest10······˘/˘/
That I can grieve to have immured so long10··········
Upon the matter of mine own unrest;10···/˘···˘/
Such grief is not the tenour of my song,10·····/˘···
That 'bide so zealously so bad a wrong.10···/˘˘····
My grief is this; unless I speak and plain me,11···········
Thou wilt persever ever to disdain me.10··˘/˘/·˘/·
Thou wilt persever ever to disdain me;10··˘/˘/·˘/·
And I shall then die, when thou will repent it.11········˘/·
O do not therefore from complaint restrain me,11······˘/˘/·
And take my life from me, to me that lent it!11···········
For whilst these accents, weepingly exprest10···/˘/˘˘··
In humble lines of reverentest zeal,10·/˘··/˘˘˘·
Have issue to complaint from mine unrest,10·/˘·˘/··˘/
They but thy beauty's wonder shall reveal;10···/˘/˘·˘/
And though the grieved muse of some other lover,11·······/˘/˘
Whose less devotions knew but woes like mine,10··˘/˘·····
Would rather seek occasion to discover11·/˘·˘/˘·˘/˘
How little pitiful and how much unkind,10·/˘/˘···˘/
They other not so worthy beauties find.10·/˘··/˘/˘·
O, I not so! but seek with humble prayer,10·······/˘·
Means how to move th' unmercifullest fair.10··········
As draws the golden meteor of the day10···/˘/˘···
Exhaled matter from the ground to heaven,10˘//˘····/˘
And by his secret nature, there to stay10···/˘/˘···
The thing fast held, and yet of hold bereaven;11···········
So by th' attractive excellence and might,10··˘/˘/˘˘··
Born to the power of thy transparent eyes,10···/··˘/˘·
Drawn from myself, ravished with thy delight,10···/····˘/
Whose dumb conceits divinely sirenise,10··˘/˘/˘···
Lo, in suspense of fear and hope upholden,11··˘/·······
Diversely poised with passions that pain me,10/˘˘··/˘···
No resolution dares my thoughts embolden,11··˘/˘···˘/˘
Since 'tis not I, but thou that dost sustain me.11········˘/·
O if there's none but thou can work my woe,10··········
Wilt thou be still unkind and kill me so?10····˘/····
Wilt thou be still unkind and kill me so,10····˘/····
Whose humbled vows with sorrowful appeal10·/˘··/˘˘˘/
Do still persist, and did so long ago10··˘/····˘/
Intreat for pity with so pure a zeal?10˘/·/˘·····
Suffice the world shall, for the world can say10˘/········
How much thy power hath power, and what it can;10···/·/····
Never was victor-hand yet moved to slay10/˘·/˘·····
The rendered captive, or the yielding man.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Death and disdain on him that yields his breath,10··˘/······
To free his soul from discontent and woes,10·····˘˘/··
And humble sacrifice to a certain death?11·/˘/˘···/˘·
O since the world knows what the power can do,10·······/··
What were't for thee to save and love me too?11···········
I meet not mine by others' discontent,10·····/˘˘˘/
For none compares with me in true devotion;11··˘/····˘/˘
Yet though my tears and sighs to her be spent,10··········
Her cruel heart disdains what they do motion.11·/˘·˘/···/˘
Yet though persisting in eternal hate,10··˘/˘·˘/˘·
To aggravate the cause of my complaining,11·/˘·····˘/˘
Her fury ne'er confineth with a date,10·/˘·˘/˘···
I will not cease to love, for her disdaining.11········˘/˘
Such puny thoughts of unresolved ground,10·/˘··˘˘/˘·
Whose inaudacity dares but base conceit,11·········˘/
In me and my love never shall be found.10·····/˘···
Those coward thoughts unworthy minds await.10·/˘·˘/˘·˘/
But those that love well have not yet begun;10········˘/
Persever ever and have never done!10˘/˘/˘··/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Samuel Daniel