The Praise of the Spring: Out of Virgil

Richard Crashaw (1613–1649) · 1646–1652

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 36 lines · from Steps to the Temple and Other Poems

All trees, all leavy groves confesse the SpringTheir gentlest friend; then, then the lands beginTo swell with forward pride, and feed desireTo generation; Heaven's Almighty SireMelts on the bosome of His love, and powresHimselfe into her lap in fruitfull showers.And by a soft insinuation, mixtWith Earth's large masse, doth cherish and assistHer weake conceptions. No lone shade but ringsWith chatring birds' delicious murmurings;Then Venus' mild instinct (at set times) yieldsThe herds to kindly meetings, then the fields(Quick with warme Zephyre's lively breath) lay forthTheir pregnant bosomes in a fragrant birth.Each body's plump and jucy, all things fullOf supple moisture: no coy twig but willTrust his beloved blossome to the sun(Growne lusty now): no vine so weake and youngThat feares the foule-mouth'd Auster or those stormesThat the Southwest-wind hurries in his armes,But hasts her forward blossomes, and layes outFreely layes out her leaves: nor doe I doubtBut when the world first out of chaos sprangSo smil'd the dayes, and so the tenor ranOf their felicity. A Spring was there,An everlasting Spring, the jolly yeareLed round in his great circle; no wind's breathAs then did smell of Winter or of Death.When Life's sweet light first shone on beasts, and whenFrom their hard mother Earth, sprang hardy men,When beasts tooke up their lodging in the Wood,Starres in their higher chambers: never cou'dThe tender growth of things endure the senceOf such a change, but that the Heav'ns indulgenceKindly supplyes sick Nature, and doth moldA sweetly-temper'd meane, nor hot nor cold.

Words in this poem

leavy a.
Leafy. Chapman.
sire n.
A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
fruitfull a.
Full of fruit; producing fruit abundantly; bearing results; prolific; fertile; liberal; bountiful; as, a fruitful tree, or season, or soil; a fruitful wife.
insinuation n.
The act or process of insinuating; a creeping, winding, or flowing in. [L. insinuatio: cf. F. insinuation.]
masse n.
A stroke made with the cue held vertically.
lone n.
A lane. See Loanin.
auster n.
The south wind. [L. auster a dry, hot, south wind; the south.]
hurries n.
A staith or framework from which coal is discharged from cars into vessels.
chaos n.
An empty, immeasurable space; a yawning chasm. [L. chaos chaos (in senses 1 & 2), Gr. Chasm.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Praise of the Spring: Out of Virgil is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Works of Richard Crashaw, Volume I, Project Gutenberg ebook #38549; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Richard Crashaw, The Praise of the Spring: Out of Virgil, in Steps to the Temple and Other Poems (1646–1652), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #38549, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/crashaw-poems/the-praise-of-the-spring-out-of-virgil.html, id L12094.

Form and metre

The Praise of the Spring: Out of Virgil is 36 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 50% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.2 syllables. 5 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 75% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 --AABB--CCDD--------EE----FFGG--HHII spring · begin · desireA · sireA · powresB · showersB · mixt · assist · ringsC · murmuringsC · yieldsD · fieldsD · forth · birth · full · will · sun · young · stormes · armes · outE · doubtE · sprang · ran · there · yeare · breathF · deathF · whenG · menG · wood · cou'd · senceH · indulgenceH · moldI · coldI
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
All trees, all leavy groves confesse the Spring10···/˘·····
Their gentlest friend; then, then the lands begin10·/˘·····˘/
To swell with forward pride, and feed desire11···/˘···˘/˘
To generation; Heaven's Almighty Sire11··˘/˘/˘˘/˘/
Melts on the bosome of His love, and powres11·········/˘
Himselfe into her lap in fruitfull showers.11·······/˘/˘
And by a soft insinuation, mixt10····˘·˘/˘·
With Earth's large masse, doth cherish and assist10·····/˘·˘/
Her weake conceptions. No lone shade but rings10··˘/˘·····
With chatring birds' delicious murmurings;10····˘/˘/˘˘
Then Venus' mild instinct (at set times) yields10·/˘·/˘····
The herds to kindly meetings, then the fields10···/˘/˘···
(Quick with warme Zephyre's lively breath) lay forth10·····/˘···
Their pregnant bosomes in a fragrant birth.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Each body's plump and jucy, all things full10·/˘·······
Of supple moisture: no coy twig but will10·/˘/˘·····
Trust his beloved blossome to the sun10··˘/˘·····
(Growne lusty now): no vine so weake and young10·/˘·······
That feares the foule-mouth'd Auster or those stormes11···/˘·/˘···
That the Southwest-wind hurries in his armes,10···/·/˘···
But hasts her forward blossomes, and layes out10···/˘/˘···
Freely layes out her leaves: nor doe I doubt10/˘········
But when the world first out of chaos sprang10·······/˘·
So smil'd the dayes, and so the tenor ran10·······/˘·
Of their felicity. A Spring was there,10··˘/˘˘····
An everlasting Spring, the jolly yeare10··˘/˘··/˘·
Led round in his great circle; no wind's breath10·····/˘···
As then did smell of Winter or of Death.10·····/˘···
When Life's sweet light first shone on beasts, and when10··········
From their hard mother Earth, sprang hardy men,10···/˘··/˘·
When beasts tooke up their lodging in the Wood,10·····/˘···
Starres in their higher chambers: never cou'd10···/˘/˘/˘·
The tender growth of things endure the sence10·/˘···˘/··
Of such a change, but that the Heav'ns indulgence11········˘/˘
Kindly supplyes sick Nature, and doth mold10/˘˘/·/˘···
A sweetly-temper'd meane, nor hot nor cold.10·/˘/˘·····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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