Autumn

John Clare (1793–1864) · 1820–1835

iambic trimeter · unrhymed · 120 lines · from Poems

Syren of sullen moods and fading hues,Yet haply not incapable of joy,Sweet Autumn! I thee hailWith welcome all unfeigned;

And oft as morning from her lattice peepsTo beckon up the sun, I seek with theeTo drink the dewy breathOf fields left fragrant then,

In solitudes, where no frequented pathsBut what thy own foot makes betray thine home,Stealing obtrusive thereTo meditate thy end:

By overshadowed ponds, in woody nooks,With ramping sallows lined, and crowding sedge,Which woo the winds to play,And with them dance for joy;

And meadow pools, torn wide by lawless floods,Where water-lilies spread their oily leaves,On which, as wont, the flyOft battens in the sun;

Where leans the mossy willow half way o’er,On which the shepherd crawls astride to throwHis angle, clear of weedsThat crowd the water’s brim;

Or crispy hills, and hollows scant of sward,Where, step by step, the patient lonely boyHath cut rude flights of stairsTo climb their steepy sides;

Then track along their feet, grown hoarse with noise,The crawling brook, that ekes its weary speed,And struggles through the weedsWith faint and sullen brawl.--

These haunts I long have favoured, more as nowWith thee thus wandering, moralizing on;Stealing glad thoughts from grief,And happy, though I sigh.

Sweet Vision, with the wild dishevelled hair,And raiment shadowy of each wind’s embrace,Fain would I win thine harpTo one accordant theme.

Now not inaptly craved, communing thus,Beneath the curdled arms of this stunt oak,While pillowed on the grass,We fondly ruminate

O’er the disordered scenes of woods and fields,Ploughed lands, thin travelled with half-hungry sheep,Pastures tracked deep with cows,Where small birds seek for seed:

Marking the cow-boy that so merry trillsHis frequent, unpremeditated song,Wooing the winds to pause,Till echo brawls again;

As on with plashy step, and clouted shoon,He roves, half indolent and self-employed,To rob the little birdsOf hips and pendant haws,

And sloes, dim covered as with dewy veils,And rambling bramble-berries, pulpy and sweet,Arching their prickly trailsHalf o’er the narrow lane:

Noting the hedger front with stubborn faceThe dank bleak wind, that whistles thinly byHis leathern garb, thorn proof,And cheek red hot with toil;

While o’er the pleachy lands of mellow brown,The mower’s stubbling scythe clogs to his footThe ever ekeing whisp,With sharp and sudden jerk,

Till into formal rows the russet shocksCrowd the blank field to thatch time-weather’d barns,And hovels rude repair,Stript by disturbing winds.

See! from the rustling scythe the haunted hareScampers circuitous, with startled earsPrickt up, then squat, as byShe brushes to the woods,

Where reeded grass, breast-high and undisturbed,Forms pleasant clumps, through which the soothing windsSoften her rigid fears,And lull to calm repose.

Wild Sorceress! me thy restless mood delights,More than the stir of summer’s crowded scenes,Where, jostled in the din,Joy palled my ear with song;

Heart-sickening for the silence, that is hereNot broken inharmoniously, as nowThat lone and vagrant beeBooms faint with weary chime.

Now filtering winds thin winnow through the woodsIn tremulous noise, that bids, at every breath,Some sickly cankered leafLet go its hold, and die.

And now the bickering storm, with sudden start,In flirting fits of anger carps aloud,Thee urging to thine end,Sore wept by troubled skies.

And yet, sublime in grief! thy thoughts delightTo show me visions of most gorgeous dyes,Haply forgetting nowThey but prepare thy shroud;

Thy pencil dashing its excess of shades,Improvident of waste, till every boughBurns with thy mellow touchDisorderly divine.

Soon must I view thee as a pleasant dreamDroop faintly, and so reckon for thine end,As sad the winds sink lowIn dirges for their queen;

While in the moment of their weary pause,To cheer thy bankrupt pomp, the willing larkStarts from his shielding clod,Snatching sweet scraps of song.

Thy life is waning now, and Silence triesTo mourn, but meets no sympathy in sounds,As stooping low she bends,Forming with leaves thy grave;

To sleep inglorious there mid tangled woods,Till parched-lipped Summer pines in drought awayThen from thine ivy’d tranceAwake to glories new.

Words in this poem 35
sullen a.
Lonely; solitary; desolate. Wyclif (Job iii. 14). [OE. solein, solain, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL. solanus solitary, fr. L. solus alone. See Sole, a.]
fading n.
An Irish dance; also, the burden of a song.
haply adv.
By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.
unfeigned a.
Not feigned; not counterfeit; not hypocritical; real; sincere; genuine; as, unfeigned piety; unfeigned love to man.
beckon v. t.
To make a significant sign to; hence, to summon, as by a motion of the hand.
obtrusive a.
Disposed to obtrude; inclined to intrude or thrust one's self or one's opinions upon others, or to enter uninvited; forward; pushing; intrusive.
astride adv.
With one leg on each side, as a man when on horseback; with the legs stretched wide apart; astraddle. [Pref. a- + stride.]
crispy a.
Formed into short, close ringlets; frizzed; crisp; as, crispy locks.
steepy a.
Steep; precipitous.
favoured a.
Countenanced; aided; regarded with kidness; as, a favored friend.
fain v. t.
To be glad ; to wish or desire.
pillowed a.
Provided with a pillow or pillows; having the head resting on, or as on, a pillow.
fondly adv.
Foolishly. Verstegan (1673).
ruminate v. i.
To chew the cud; to chew again what has been slightly chewed and swallowed. [L. ruminatus, p.p. of ruminari, ruminare, fr. rumen, -inis, throat, akin to ructare to belch, erugere to belch out, Gr. roccettan.]
plashy a.
Watery; abounding with puddles; splashy. [From 1st Plash.]
indolent a.
Free from toil, pain, or trouble. [Pref. in- not + L. dolens, -entis, p. pr. of dolere to feel pain: cf. F. indolent. See Dolorous.]
bramble n.
Any plant of the genus Rubus, including the raspberry and blackberry. Hence: Any rough, prickly shrub. [OE. brembil, AS.brbramal), fr. the same root as E. broom, As. br. See Broom.]
hedger n.
One who makes or mends hedges; also, one who hedges, as, in betting.
dank n.
Moisture; humidity; water.
leathern a.
Made of leather; consisting of. leather; as, a leathern purse.
garb n.
External appearance, as expressive of the feelings or character; looks; fashion or manner, as of speech. [OF. garbe looks, countenance, grace, ornament, fr. OHG. garawi, garwi, ornament, dress. akin to E. gear. See Gear, n.]
mower n.
One who, or that which, mows; a mowing machine; as, a lawn mower.
whisp n.
A flock of snipe.
haunted a.
Inhabited by, or subject to the visits of, apparitions; frequented by a ghost.
reeded a.
Civered with reeds; reedy. Tusser.
lull v. t.
To cause to rest by soothing influences; to compose; to calm; to soothe; to quiet. [Akin to OD. lullen to sing to sleep, G. lullen, Dan. lulle, Sw. lulla; all of imitative origin. Cf. Loll, Lollard.]
inharmoniously adv.
Without harmony.
lone n.
A lane. See Loanin.
chime n.
The harmonious sound of bells, or of musical instruments. [OE. chimbe, prop., cymbal, OF. cymbe, cymble, in a dialectic form, chymble, F. cymbale, L. cymbalum, fr. Gr. Cymbal.]
cankered a.
Affected with canker; as, a cankered mouth.
aloud adv.
With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly. [Pref. a- + loud.]
gorgeous a.
Imposing through splendid or various colors; showy; fine; magnificent. [OF. gorgias beautiful, glorious, vain, luxurious; cf. OF. gorgias ruff, neck handkerchief, and F. gorge throat, and se pengorger to assume airs. Cf. Gorge, n.]
clod n.
A lump or mass, especially of earth, turf, or clay. [OE. clodde, latter form of clot. See Clot.]
waning n.
The act or process of waning, or decreasing.
inglorious a.
Not glorious; not bringing honor or glory; not accompanied with fame, honor, or celebrity; obscure; humble; as, an inglorious life of ease. [L. inglorious; pref. in- not + gloria glory, fame: cf. F. inglorieux. See Glory.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Autumn is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #52601; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: John Clare, Autumn, in Poems (1820–1835), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #52601, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/clare-poems/autumn.html, id L06678.

Form and metre

Autumn is 120 lines in 30 verse paragraphs. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic trimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.0 syllables. 34% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic trimeter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 15 A-A- veilsA · sweet · trailsA · lane
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic trimeter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Syren of sullen moods and fading hues,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
Yet haply not incapable of joy,10·/˘·˘/˘˘··
Sweet Autumn! I thee hail6·/˘···
With welcome all unfeigned;6·/˘·˘/
And oft as morning from her lattice peeps10···/˘··/˘·
To beckon up the sun, I seek with thee10·/˘·······
To drink the dewy breath6···/˘·
Of fields left fragrant then,6···/˘·
In solitudes, where no frequented paths10·/˘···/˘˘·
But what thy own foot makes betray thine home,10······˘/··
Stealing obtrusive there6/˘˘/˘·
To meditate thy end:6·/˘···
By overshadowed ponds, in woody nooks,10··˘/˘··/˘·
With ramping sallows lined, and crowding sedge,10·/˘····/˘·
Which woo the winds to play,6······
And with them dance for joy;6······
And meadow pools, torn wide by lawless floods,10·/·····/˘·
Where water-lilies spread their oily leaves,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
On which, as wont, the fly6······
Oft battens in the sun;6·/˘···
Where leans the mossy willow half way o’er,10···/˘/····
On which the shepherd crawls astride to throw10···/˘·˘/··
His angle, clear of weeds6·/˘···
That crowd the water’s brim;6···/˘·
Or crispy hills, and hollows scant of sward,10·/˘··/˘···
Where, step by step, the patient lonely boy10·····/˘/˘·
Hath cut rude flights of stairs6······
To climb their steepy sides;6···/˘·
Then track along their feet, grown hoarse with noise,10··˘/······
The crawling brook, that ekes its weary speed,10·/˘····/˘·
And struggles through the weeds6·/˘···
With faint and sullen brawl.--6···/˘·
These haunts I long have favoured, more as now10·····/˘···
With thee thus wandering, moralizing on;10···/˘/˘·˘·
Stealing glad thoughts from grief,6/˘····
And happy, though I sigh.6·/˘···
Sweet Vision, with the wild dishevelled hair,10·/˘···˘/˘·
And raiment shadowy of each wind’s embrace,10·/˘/˘···˘/
Fain would I win thine harp6······
To one accordant theme.6··˘/˘·
Now not inaptly craved, communing thus,10······˘/˘·
Beneath the curdled arms of this stunt oak,10····˘·····
While pillowed on the grass,6·/˘···
We fondly ruminate6·/˘/˘·
O’er the disordered scenes of woods and fields,10··˘/˘·····
Ploughed lands, thin travelled with half-hungry sheep,10···/˘··/˘·
Pastures tracked deep with cows,6/˘····
Where small birds seek for seed:6······
Marking the cow-boy that so merry trills10/˘·····/˘·
His frequent, unpremeditated song,10·/˘·······
Wooing the winds to pause,6/˘····
Till echo brawls again;6·/˘·˘/
As on with plashy step, and clouted shoon,10···/˘··/˘·
He roves, half indolent and self-employed,10···/˘˘··˘/
To rob the little birds6···/˘·
Of hips and pendant haws,6···/˘·
And sloes, dim covered as with dewy veils,10···/˘··/˘·
And rambling bramble-berries, pulpy and sweet,11·/˘/˘/˘/˘··
Arching their prickly trails6/˘·/˘·
Half o’er the narrow lane:6···/˘·
Noting the hedger front with stubborn face10/˘·/˘··/˘·
The dank bleak wind, that whistles thinly by10·····/˘/˘·
His leathern garb, thorn proof,6·/˘···
And cheek red hot with toil;6······
While o’er the pleachy lands of mellow brown,10·······/˘·
The mower’s stubbling scythe clogs to his foot10·/˘/˘·····
The ever ekeing whisp,6·/˘···
With sharp and sudden jerk,6···/˘·
Till into formal rows the russet shocks10···/˘··/˘·
Crowd the blank field to thatch time-weather’d barns,10·······/˘·
And hovels rude repair,6·/˘·˘/
Stript by disturbing winds.6··˘/˘·
See! from the rustling scythe the haunted hare10···/˘··/˘·
Scampers circuitous, with startled ears10/˘˘/˘˘·/˘·
Prickt up, then squat, as by6······
She brushes to the woods,6·/˘···
Where reeded grass, breast-high and undisturbed,10·/˘·····˘/
Forms pleasant clumps, through which the soothing winds10·/˘····/˘·
Soften her rigid fears,6/˘·/˘·
And lull to calm repose.6····˘/
Wild Sorceress! me thy restless mood delights,11·/˘˘··/˘·˘/
More than the stir of summer’s crowded scenes,10·····/˘/˘·
Where, jostled in the din,6·/˘···
Joy palled my ear with song;6······
Heart-sickening for the silence, that is here10·/˘··/˘···
Not broken inharmoniously, as now10·/˘·······
That lone and vagrant bee6···/˘·
Booms faint with weary chime.6···/˘·
Now filtering winds thin winnow through the woods10·/˘··/····
In tremulous noise, that bids, at every breath,10·/˘····/˘·
Some sickly cankered leaf6·/˘/˘·
Let go its hold, and die.6······
And now the bickering storm, with sudden start,10···/˘··/˘·
In flirting fits of anger carps aloud,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Thee urging to thine end,6·/˘···
Sore wept by troubled skies.6···/˘·
And yet, sublime in grief! thy thoughts delight10··˘/····˘/
To show me visions of most gorgeous dyes,10···/˘··/˘·
Haply forgetting now6/˘˘/˘·
They but prepare thy shroud;6··˘/··
Thy pencil dashing its excess of shades,10·/˘/˘·˘/··
Improvident of waste, till every bough10˘/˘˘···/˘·
Burns with thy mellow touch6···/˘·
Disorderly divine.6˘/˘˘˘/
Soon must I view thee as a pleasant dream10·······/˘·
Droop faintly, and so reckon for thine end,10·/˘··/˘···
As sad the winds sink low6······
In dirges for their queen;6·/˘···
While in the moment of their weary pause,10···/˘··/˘·
To cheer thy bankrupt pomp, the willing lark10···/˘··/˘·
Starts from his shielding clod,6···/˘·
Snatching sweet scraps of song.6/˘····
Thy life is waning now, and Silence tries10···/˘··/˘·
To mourn, but meets no sympathy in sounds,10·····/˘˘··
As stooping low she bends,6·/˘···
Forming with leaves thy grave;6/˘····
To sleep inglorious there mid tangled woods,10··˘/˘··/˘·
Till parched-lipped Summer pines in drought away10···/˘···˘/
Then from thine ivy’d trance6······
Awake to glories new.6˘/·/˘·

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