Winter

Bliss Carman (1861–1929) · 1921

iambic pentameter · unrhymed · 14 lines · from Later Poems

When winter comes along the river lineAnd Earth has put away her green attire,With all the pomp of her autumnal pride,The world is made a sanctuary old,Where Gothic trees uphold the arch of gray,And gaunt stone fences on the ridge's crestStand like carved screens before a crimson shrine,Showing the sunset glory through the chinks.There, like a nun with frosty breath, the soul,Uplift in adoration, sees the worldTransfigured to a temple of her Lord;While down the soft blue-shadowed aisles of snowNight, like a sacristan with silent step,Passes to light the tapers of the stars.

Words in this poem

gaunt a.
Attenuated, as with fasting or suffering; lean; meager; pinched and grim. [Cf. Norw. gand a thin pointed stick, a tall and thin man, and W. gwan weak.]
uplift v. t.
To lift or raise aloft; to raise; to elevate; as, to uplift the arm; to uplift a rock.
sacristan n.
An officer of the church who has the care of the utensils or movables, and of the church in general; a sexton. [F. sacristian, LL. sacrista, fr. L. sacer. See Sacred, and cf. Sexton.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Winter is in the public domain. This text is taken from Later Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #33417; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Bliss Carman, Winter, in Later Poems (1921), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #33417, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/carman-later-poems/winter.html, id L11068.

Form and metre

Winter is 14 lines in a single verse paragraph. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%). 89% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 29% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter, other poems in blank verse.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 A-----A------- lineA · attire · pride · old · gray · crest · shrineA · chinks · soul · world · lord · snow · step · stars
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
When winter comes along the river line10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
And Earth has put away her green attire,10····˘/··˘/
With all the pomp of her autumnal pride,10······˘/˘·
The world is made a sanctuary old,10·····/˘·˘·
Where Gothic trees uphold the arch of gray,10·/˘·˘/····
And gaunt stone fences on the ridge's crest10···/˘··/˘·
Stand like carved screens before a crimson shrine,10·······/˘·
Showing the sunset glory through the chinks.10/˘·/·/˘···
There, like a nun with frosty breath, the soul,10·····/˘···
Uplift in adoration, sees the world10/˘··˘/˘···
Transfigured to a temple of her Lord;10·····/˘···
While down the soft blue-shadowed aisles of snow10·····/˘···
Night, like a sacristan with silent step,10···/˘˘·/˘·
Passes to light the tapers of the stars.10/˘···/˘···

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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