A Fragment
Erewhile, on England's pleasant shores, our siresLeft not their churchyards unadorned with shadesOr blossoms; and indulgent to the strongAnd natural dread of man's last home, the grave,Its frost and silence--they disposed around,To soothe the melancholy spirit that dweltToo sadly on life's close, the forms and huesOf vegetable beauty.--There the yew,Green even amid the snows of winter, toldOf immortality, and gracefullyThe willow, a perpetual mourner, drooped;And there the gadding woodbine crept about,And there the ancient ivy. From the spotWhere the sweet maiden, in her blossoming yearsCut off, was laid with streaming eyes, and handsThat trembled as they placed her there, the roseSprung modest, on bowed stalk, and better spokeHer graces, than the proudest monument.There children set about their playmate's graveThe pansy. On the infant's little bed,Wet at its planting with maternal tears,Emblem of early sweetness, early death,Nestled the lowly primrose. Childless dames,And maids that would not raise the reddened eye--Orphans, from whose young lids the light of joyFled early,--silent lovers, who had givenAll that they lived for to the arms of earth,Came often, o'er the recent graves to strewTheir offerings, rue, and rosemary, and flowers.
The pilgrim bands who passed the sea to keepTheir Sabbaths in the eye of God alone,In his wide temple of the wilderness,Brought not these simple customs of the heartWith them. It might be, while they laid their deadBy the vast solemn skirts of the old groves,And the fresh virgin soil poured forth strange flowersAbout their graves; and the familiar shadesOf their own native isle, and wonted blooms,And herbs were wanting, which the pious handMight plant or scatter there, these gentle ritesPassed out of use. Now they are scarcely known,And rarely in our borders may you meetThe tall larch, sighing in the burying-place,Or willow, trailing low its boughs to hideThe gleaming marble. Naked rows of gravesAnd melancholy ranks of monumentsAre seen instead, where the coarse grass, between,Shoots up its dull green spikes, and in the windHisses, and the neglected bramble nigh,Offers its berries to the schoolboy's hand,In vain--they grow too near the dead. Yet here,Nature, rebuking the neglect of man,Plants often, by the ancient mossy stone,The brier rose, and upon the broken turfThat clothes the fresher grave, the strawberry vineSprinkles its swell with blossoms, and lays forthHer ruddy, pouting fruit.
Words in this poem
- erewhile adv.
- Some time ago; a little while before; heretofore.
- soothe v. t.
- To assent to as true. Testament of Love. [Originally, to assent to as true; OE. so to verify, AS. ges to prove the truth of, to bear witness. See Sooth, a.]
- sadly adv.
- Wearily; heavily; firmly.
- amid prep.
- In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
- mourner n.
- One who mourns or is grieved at any misfortune, as the death of a friend.
- gadding a.
- Going about much, needlessly or without purpose.
- streaming a.
- Sending forth streams.
- spoke n.
- The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
- maternal a.
- Of or pertaining to a mother; becoming to a mother; motherly; as, maternal love; maternal tenderness. [F. maternel, L. maternus, fr. mater mother. See Mother.]
- isle v. t.
- To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.
- wonted a.
- Accustomed; customary; usual.
- bramble n.
- Any plant of the genus Rubus, including the raspberry and blackberry. Hence: Any rough, prickly shrub. [OE. brembil, AS.brbramal), fr. the same root as E. broom, As. br. See Broom.]
- brier n.
- A plant with a slender woody stem bearing stout prickles; especially, species of Rosa, Rubus, and Smilax. [OE. brere, brer, AS. brer, brær; cf. Ir. briar prickle, thorn, brier, pin, Gael. preas bush, brier, W. prys, prysg.]
- pouting n.
- Childish sullenness.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
A Fragment is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems by William Cullen Bryant, Project Gutenberg ebook #16341; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: William Cullen Bryant, A Fragment, in Poems (1821–1876), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #16341, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/bryant-poems/a-fragment.html, id L07256.
Form and metre
A Fragment is 57 lines in 2 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 93% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 6 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 54% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ---A---B-----C----A-C------B- sires · shades · strong · graveA · around · dwelt · hues · yewB · told · gracefully · drooped · about · spot · yearsC · hands · rose · spoke · monument · graveA · bed · tearsC · death · dames · eye · joy · given · earth · strewB · flowers
- 2 -A-------B-A--------B--A---- keep · aloneA · wilderness · heart · dead · groves · flowers · shades · blooms · handB · rites · knownA · meet · place · hide · graves · monuments · between · wind · nigh · handB · here · man · stoneA · turf · vine · forth · fruit
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Erewhile, on England's pleasant shores, our sires | 12 | ·····/˘/˘·/· |
| Left not their churchyards unadorned with shades | 10 | ···/··˘/·· |
| Or blossoms; and indulgent to the strong | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| And natural dread of man's last home, the grave, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Its frost and silence--they disposed around, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/·· |
| To soothe the melancholy spirit that dwelt | 10 | ···/˘·˘/·· |
| Too sadly on life's close, the forms and hues | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Of vegetable beauty.--There the yew, | 9 | ·/˘˘/˘··· |
| Green even amid the snows of winter, told | 10 | ·/˘/···/˘· |
| Of immortality, and gracefully | 10 | ··˘/˘˘·/˘˘ |
| The willow, a perpetual mourner, drooped; | 10 | ·/··˘/˘/˘· |
| And there the gadding woodbine crept about, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| And there the ancient ivy. From the spot | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Where the sweet maiden, in her blossoming years | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Cut off, was laid with streaming eyes, and hands | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| That trembled as they placed her there, the rose | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Sprung modest, on bowed stalk, and better spoke | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Her graces, than the proudest monument. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘˘ |
| There children set about their playmate's grave | 10 | ·/˘····/·· |
| The pansy. On the infant's little bed, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| Wet at its planting with maternal tears, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| Emblem of early sweetness, early death, | 10 | /˘·/˘/˘/˘· |
| Nestled the lowly primrose. Childless dames, | 10 | /˘·/˘/·/˘· |
| And maids that would not raise the reddened eye-- | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Orphans, from whose young lids the light of joy | 10 | /˘········ |
| Fled early,--silent lovers, who had given | 11 | ·/˘/˘/˘··/˘ |
| All that they lived for to the arms of earth, | 10 | ·········· |
| Came often, o'er the recent graves to strew | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Their offerings, rue, and rosemary, and flowers. | 10 | ·/˘··/·˘·/ |
| The pilgrim bands who passed the sea to keep | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Their Sabbaths in the eye of God alone, | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| In his wide temple of the wilderness, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| Brought not these simple customs of the heart | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| With them. It might be, while they laid their dead | 10 | ·········· |
| By the vast solemn skirts of the old groves, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And the fresh virgin soil poured forth strange flowers | 11 | ···/˘····/˘ |
| About their graves; and the familiar shades | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Of their own native isle, and wonted blooms, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And herbs were wanting, which the pious hand | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Might plant or scatter there, these gentle rites | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Passed out of use. Now they are scarcely known, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And rarely in our borders may you meet | 10 | ·/˘·//˘··· |
| The tall larch, sighing in the burying-place, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Or willow, trailing low its boughs to hide | 10 | ·/·/˘····· |
| The gleaming marble. Naked rows of graves | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘··· |
| And melancholy ranks of monuments | 10 | ·/˘·˘··/˘˘ |
| Are seen instead, where the coarse grass, between, | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Shoots up its dull green spikes, and in the wind | 10 | ·········· |
| Hisses, and the neglected bramble nigh, | 10 | /˘··˘/˘/˘· |
| Offers its berries to the schoolboy's hand, | 10 | /˘·/˘··/·· |
| In vain--they grow too near the dead. Yet here, | 10 | ·········· |
| Nature, rebuking the neglect of man, | 10 | /˘˘/˘·˘/·· |
| Plants often, by the ancient mossy stone, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| The brier rose, and upon the broken turf | 10 | ·/·····/˘· |
| That clothes the fresher grave, the strawberry vine | 11 | ···/˘··/·˘· |
| Sprinkles its swell with blossoms, and lays forth | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| Her ruddy, pouting fruit. | 6 | ·/˘/˘· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.