Visions

Nicholas Breton (1544–c. 1626) · 1597–1604

iambic pentameter · English sonnet · 56 lines · from Pastoral Poems and Selected Poetry

I saw a silver swan swim down the Lea,Singing a sad farewell unto the vale,While fishes leapt to hear her melody,And on each thorn a gentle nightingaleAnd many other birds forbore their notes,Leaping from tree to tree, as she alongThe panting bosom of the current floats,Rapt with the music of her dying song:When from a thick and all-entangled springA neatherd rude came with no small ado,Dreading an ill presage to hear her sing,And quickly struck her tender neck in two;Whereat the birds, methought, flew thence with speed,And inly griev'd for such a cruel deed.

A rose, as fair as ever saw the North,Grew in a little garden all alone;A sweeter flower did Nature ne'er put forth,Nor fairer garden yet was never known:The maidens danc'd about it morn and noon,And learned bards of it their ditties made;The nimble fairies by the pale-faced moonWater'd the root and kiss'd her pretty shade.But well-a-day, the gard'ner careless grew;The maids and fairies both were kept away,And in a drought the caterpillars threwThemselves upon the bud and every spray.God shield the stock! if heaven send no supplies,The fairest blossom of the garden dies.

Down in a valley, by a forest's side,Near where the crystal Thames rolls on her waves,I saw a mushroom stand in haughty pride,As if the lilies grew to be his slaves;The gentle daisy, with her silver crown,Worn in the breast of many a shepherd's lass;The humble violet, that lowly downSalutes the gay nymphs as they trimly pass:These, with a many more, methought, complain'dThat Nature should those needless things produce,Which not alone the sun from others gain'dBut turn it wholly to their proper use:I could not choose but grieve that Nature madeSo glorious flowers to live in such a shade.

A gentle shepherd, born in Arcady,That well could tune his pipe, and deftly playThe nymphs asleep with rural minstrelsy,Methought I saw, upon a summer's day,Take up a little satyr in a wood,All masterless forlorn as none did know him,And nursing him with those of his own blood,On mighty Pan he lastly did bestow him;But with the god he long time had not been,Ere he the shepherd and himself forgot,And most ingrateful, ever stepp'd betweenPan and all good befell the poor man's lot:Whereat all good men griev'd, and strongly sworeThey never would be foster-fathers more.

Words in this poem 18
vale n.
A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]
rapt n.
An ecstasy; a trance. Bp. Morton. [From F. rapt abduction, rape, L. raptus, fr. rapere to seize and carry off, to transport; or fr. E. rapt, a. See Rapt, a., and Rapid.]
neatherd n.
A person who has the care of neat cattle; a cowherd.
whereat adv.
At which; upon which; whereupon; -- used relatively.
inly a.
Internal; interior; secret. [OE. inlich, AS. inlic. See In.]
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
haughty a.
High; lofty; bold. [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF. also halt, fr. L. altus. See Altitude.]
lass n.
A youth woman; a girl; a sweetheart. [OE. lasse; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. llodes girl, fem. of llawd lad. (Lad a youth.]
trimly adv.
In a trim manner; nicely.
needless a.
Having no need.
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
deftly adv.
Aptly; fitly; dexterously; neatly. [Cf. Defly.]
minstrelsy n.
The arts and occupation of minstrels; the singing and playing of a minstrel.
satyr n.
A sylvan deity or demigod, represented as part man and part goat, and characterized by riotous merriment and lasciviousness. [L. satyrus, Gr. satyre.]
masterless a.
Destitute of a master or owner; ungoverned or ungovernable.
forlorn a.
Deserted abandoned; lost. [OE., p.p. of forlesen to lose utterly, AS. forleósan (p.p. forloren); pref. for- + leósan (in comp.) to lose; cf. D. verliezen to lose, G. verlieren, Sw. förlor]
lastly adv.
In the last place; in conclusion.
ingrateful a.
Ungrateful; thankless; unappreciative. [L. ingratus ingrateful (pref. in- not + gratus beloved, dear, grateful) + -ful: cf. F. ingrat. See Grateful.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Visions is in the public domain. This text is taken from Pastoral Poems by Nicholas Breton, Selected Poetry by George Wither, and Pastoral Poetry by William Browne (of Tavistock), Project Gutenberg ebook #22001; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Nicholas Breton, Visions, in Pastoral Poems and Selected Poetry (1597–1604), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #22001, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/breton-poems/visions.html, id L08872.

Form and metre

Visions is 56 lines in 4 stanzas of 14 lines each. The rhyme scheme is ABABCDCDEFEFGG, complete in 2 of its 4 stanzas; the stanza is the English sonnet. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 3 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 21% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other English sonnets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -A-ABCBCDEDEFF lea · valeA · melody · nightingaleA · notesB · alongC · floatsB · songC · springD · adoE · singD · twoE · speedF · deedF
  2. 2 ABABCDCDEFEFGG northA · aloneB · forthA · knownB · noonC · madeD · moonC · shadeD · grewE · awayF · threwE · sprayF · suppliesG · diesG
  3. 3 ABABCDCDEFEFGG sideA · wavesB · prideA · slavesB · crownC · lassD · downC · passD · complain'dE · produceF · gain'dE · useF · madeG · shadeG
  4. 4 -A-ABCBC-D-DEE arcady · playA · minstrelsy · dayA · woodB · himC · bloodB · himC · been · forgotD · between · lotD · sworeE · moreE
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I saw a silver swan swim down the Lea,10···/˘·····
Singing a sad farewell unto the vale,10/˘···/····
While fishes leapt to hear her melody,10·/˘····/˘˘
And on each thorn a gentle nightingale10·····/˘/˘˘
And many other birds forbore their notes,10·/˘/˘·˘/··
Leaping from tree to tree, as she along10/˘······˘/
The panting bosom of the current floats,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Rapt with the music of her dying song:10···/˘··/˘·
When from a thick and all-entangled spring10······˘/˘·
A neatherd rude came with no small ado,10·/˘·····˘/
Dreading an ill presage to hear her sing,10/˘··/˘····
And quickly struck her tender neck in two;10·/˘··/˘···
Whereat the birds, methought, flew thence with speed,10˘/··˘/····
And inly griev'd for such a cruel deed.10·/˘····/˘·
A rose, as fair as ever saw the North,10·····/˘···
Grew in a little garden all alone;10···/˘/˘·˘/
A sweeter flower did Nature ne'er put forth,10·/˘/·/˘···
Nor fairer garden yet was never known:10·/˘/˘··/˘·
The maidens danc'd about it morn and noon,10·/˘·······
And learned bards of it their ditties made;10··˘····/˘·
The nimble fairies by the pale-faced moon10·/˘/˘·····
Water'd the root and kiss'd her pretty shade.10/˘·····/˘·
But well-a-day, the gard'ner careless grew;10·····/˘/˘·
The maids and fairies both were kept away,10···/˘···˘/
And in a drought the caterpillars threw10·····/˘·˘·
Themselves upon the bud and every spray.10˘/·····/˘·
God shield the stock! if heaven send no supplies,10·····/··˘/
The fairest blossom of the garden dies.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Down in a valley, by a forest's side,10···/˘··/˘·
Near where the crystal Thames rolls on her waves,10···/˘·····
I saw a mushroom stand in haughty pride,10···/˘··/˘·
As if the lilies grew to be his slaves;10···/˘·····
The gentle daisy, with her silver crown,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Worn in the breast of many a shepherd's lass;10·····/·/˘·
The humble violet, that lowly down10·/˘/˘˘·/˘·
Salutes the gay nymphs as they trimly pass:10˘/·····/˘·
These, with a many more, methought, complain'd10···/˘·˘/˘/
That Nature should those needless things produce,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Which not alone the sun from others gain'd10··˘/···/˘·
But turn it wholly to their proper use:10···/˘··/˘·
I could not choose but grieve that Nature made10·······/˘·
So glorious flowers to live in such a shade.10·/˘/······
A gentle shepherd, born in Arcady,10·/˘/˘·····
That well could tune his pipe, and deftly play10·······/˘·
The nymphs asleep with rural minstrelsy,10··˘/·/˘/˘˘
Methought I saw, upon a summer's day,10˘/·····/˘·
Take up a little satyr in a wood,10···/˘/˘···
All masterless forlorn as none did know him,11·/˘˘˘/·····
And nursing him with those of his own blood,10·/˘·······
On mighty Pan he lastly did bestow him;11·/˘··/˘·˘/·
But with the god he long time had not been,10··········
Ere he the shepherd and himself forgot,10···/˘·˘/˘/
And most ingrateful, ever stepp'd between9··/˘/˘···
Pan and all good befell the poor man's lot:10····˘/····
Whereat all good men griev'd, and strongly swore10˘/·····/˘·
They never would be foster-fathers more.10·/˘··/˘/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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