Written in a Roman Fortification in Bavaria
There is a cloud before the sun,The wind is hushed and still,And silently the waters runBeneath the sombre hill.The sky is dark in every place,As is the earth below:Methinks it wore the self-same faceTwo thousand years ago.
No light is on the ancient wall,No light upon the mound;The very trees, so thick and tall,Cast gloom, not shade, around.So silent is the place and cold,So far from human ken,It hath a look that makes me old,And spectres time again.
I listen, half in thought to hearThe Roman trumpet blow--I search for glint of helm and spearAmidst the forest bough:And armour rings, and voices swell--I hear the legion's tramp,And mark the lonely sentinelWho guards the lonely camp.
Methinks I have no other home,No other hearth to find;For nothing save the thought of RomeIs stirring in my mind.And all that I have heard or dreamed,And all I had forgot,Are rising up, as though they seemedThe household of the spot.
And all the names that Romans knewSeem just as known to me,As if I were a Roman too--A Roman born and free:And I could rise at Cæsar's name,As though it were a charmTo draw sharp lightning from the tame,And brace the coward's arm.
And yet, if yonder sky were blue,And earth were sunny gay,If nature wore the summer hueThat decked her yesterday,The mound, the trench, the rampart's space,Would move me nothing moreThan many a sweet sequestred placeThat I have marked before.
I could not feel the breezes bringRich odours from the trees;I could not hear the linnets sing,And think on themes like these.The painted insects as they passIn swift and motley strife,The very lizard in the grassWould scare me back to life.
Then is the past so gloomy nowThat it may never bearThe open smile of nature's brow,Or meet the sunny air?I know not that--but joy is power,However short it last;And joy befits the present hour,If sadness fits the past.
Words in this poem
- sombre n.
- Gloom; obscurity; duskiness; somberness.
- methinks v.
- It seems to me; I think. See Me. [AS. þyncan to seem, me þynceedh, me þuhte, OE. me thinketh, me thoughte; akin to G. dünken to seem, denken to think, and E. think. See Me, and Think.]
- glint n.
- A glimpse, glance, or gleam. [OE. glent.]
- amidst prep.
- In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
- armour n.
- Defensive arms for the body; any clothing or covering worn to protect one's person in battle. [OE. armure, fr. F. armure, OF. armeure, fr. L. armatura. See Armature.]
- yonder adv.
- At a distance, but within view. [OE. yonder, ýonder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr there. Yond, adv.]
- sunny a.
- Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun; hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant.
- strife n.
- The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
- scare v. t.
- To frighten; to strike with sudden fear; to alarm. [OE. skerren, skeren, Icel. skirra to bar, prevent, skirrask to shun , shrink from; or fr. OE. skerre, adj., scared, Icel. skjarr; both perhaps akin to E. sheer ]
- sadness n.
- Heaviness; firmness.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Written in a Roman Fortification in Bavaria is in the public domain. This text is taken from Lays of the Scottish Cavaliers and Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #10945; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: William Edmondstoune Aytoun, Written in a Roman Fortification in Bavaria, in Lays of the Scottish Cavaliers (1849), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #10945, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/aytoun-lays/written-in-a-roman-fortification-in-bavaria.html, id L10318.
Form and metre
Written in a Roman Fortification in Bavaria is 64 lines in 8 stanzas of 8 lines each. The rhyme scheme is ABABCDCD, complete in 7 of its 8 stanzas. The metre is iambic trimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 95%). 99% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.1 syllables. 3 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 27% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic trimeter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ABABCDCD sunA · stillB · runA · hillB · placeC · belowD · faceC · agoD
- 2 ABABCDCD wallA · moundB · tallA · aroundB · coldC · kenD · oldC · againD
- 3 A-A-BCBC hearA · blow · spearA · bough · swellB · trampC · sentinelB · campC
- 4 ABABCDCD homeA · findB · romeA · mindB · dreamedC · forgotD · seemedC · spotD
- 5 ABABCDCD knewA · meB · tooA · freeB · nameC · charmD · tameC · armD
- 6 ABABCDCD blueA · gayB · hueA · yesterdayB · spaceC · moreD · placeC · beforeD
- 7 ABABCDCD bringA · treesB · singA · theseB · passC · strifeD · grassC · lifeD
- 8 ABABCDCD nowA · bearB · browA · airB · powerC · lastD · hourC · pastD
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic trimeter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| There is a cloud before the sun, | 8 | ········ |
| The wind is hushed and still, | 7 | ····˘·· |
| And silently the waters run | 8 | ·/˘˘·/˘· |
| Beneath the sombre hill. | 6 | ···/˘· |
| The sky is dark in every place, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| As is the earth below: | 6 | ······ |
| Methinks it wore the self-same face | 8 | ˘/······ |
| Two thousand years ago. | 6 | ·/˘·˘/ |
| No light is on the ancient wall, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| No light upon the mound; | 6 | ······ |
| The very trees, so thick and tall, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Cast gloom, not shade, around. | 6 | ······ |
| So silent is the place and cold, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| So far from human ken, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| It hath a look that makes me old, | 8 | ········ |
| And spectres time again. | 6 | ·/˘·˘/ |
| I listen, half in thought to hear | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The Roman trumpet blow-- | 6 | ·/˘/˘· |
| I search for glint of helm and spear | 8 | ········ |
| Amidst the forest bough: | 6 | ˘/·/˘· |
| And armour rings, and voices swell-- | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| I hear the legion's tramp, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| And mark the lonely sentinel | 8 | ···/˘/˘˘ |
| Who guards the lonely camp. | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Methinks I have no other home, | 8 | ˘/···/˘· |
| No other hearth to find; | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| For nothing save the thought of Rome | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Is stirring in my mind. | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| And all that I have heard or dreamed, | 8 | ········ |
| And all I had forgot, | 6 | ····˘/ |
| Are rising up, as though they seemed | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The household of the spot. | 6 | ·/···· |
| And all the names that Romans knew | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Seem just as known to me, | 6 | ······ |
| As if I were a Roman too-- | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| A Roman born and free: | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| And I could rise at Cæsar's name, | 7 | ······· |
| As though it were a charm | 6 | ······ |
| To draw sharp lightning from the tame, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And brace the coward's arm. | 6 | ···/˘· |
| And yet, if yonder sky were blue, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And earth were sunny gay, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| If nature wore the summer hue | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| That decked her yesterday, | 7 | ··˘·/˘· |
| The mound, the trench, the rampart's space, | 8 | ·····/·· |
| Would move me nothing more | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Than many a sweet sequestred place | 8 | ·/··˘/˘· |
| That I have marked before. | 7 | ····˘·· |
| I could not feel the breezes bring | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Rich odours from the trees; | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| I could not hear the linnets sing, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And think on themes like these. | 6 | ······ |
| The painted insects as they pass | 8 | ·/˘/···· |
| In swift and motley strife, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| The very lizard in the grass | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Would scare me back to life. | 6 | ······ |
| Then is the past so gloomy now | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| That it may never bear | 6 | ···/˘· |
| The open smile of nature's brow, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Or meet the sunny air? | 6 | ···/˘· |
| I know not that--but joy is power, | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| However short it last; | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| And joy befits the present hour, | 9 | ··˘/·/˘/˘ |
| If sadness fits the past. | 6 | ·/˘··· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.