The Youth of Nature

Matthew Arnold (1822–1888) · 1849–1867

anapaestic trimeter · unrhymed · 134 lines · from Poems

Raised are the dripping oars,Silent the boat! The lake,Lovely and soft as a dream,Swims in the sheen of the moon.The mountains stand at its headClear in the pure June-night,But the valleys are flooded with haze.Rydal and Fairfield are there;In the shadow Wordsworth lies dead.So it is, so it will be for aye.Nature is fresh as of old,Is lovely; a mortal is dead.

The spots which recall him survive,For he lent a new life to these hills.The Pillar still broods o’er the fieldsWhich border Ennerdale Lake,And Egremont sleeps by the sea.The gleam of The Evening StarTwinkles on Grasmere no more,But ruined and solemn and grayThe sheepfold of Michael survives;And far to the south, the heathStill blows in the Quantock coombs,By the favorite waters of Ruth.These survive! Yet not without pain,Pain and dejection to-night,Can I feel that their poet is gone.

He grew old in an age he condemned.He looked on the rushing decayOf the times which had sheltered his youth;Felt the dissolving throesOf a social order he loved;Outlived his brethren, his peers;And, like the Theban seer,Died in his enemies’ day.

Cold bubbled the spring of Tilphusa,Copais lay bright in the moon,Helicon glassed in the lakeIts firs, and afar rose the peaksOf Parnassus, snowily clear;Thebes was behind him in flames,And the clang of arms in his ear,When his awe-struck captors ledThe Theban seer to the spring.Tiresias drank and died.Nor did reviving ThebesSee such a prophet again.

Well may we mourn, when the headOf a sacred poet lies lowIn an age which can rear them no more!The complaining millions of menDarken in labor and pain;But he was a priest to us allOf the wonder and bloom of the world,Which we saw with his eyes, and were glad.He is dead, and the fruit-bearing dayOf his race is past on the earth;And darkness returns to our eyes.

For, oh! is it you, is it you,Moonlight, and shadow, and lake,And mountains, that fill us with joy,Or the poet who sings you so well?Is it you, O beauty, O grace,O charm, O romance, that we feel,Or the voice which reveals what you are?Are ye, like daylight and sun,Shared and rejoiced in by all?Or are ye immersed in the massOf matter, and hard to extract,Or sunk at the core of the worldToo deep for the most to discern?Like stars in the deep of the sky,Which arise on the glass of the sage,But are lost when their watcher is gone.

“They are here,”--I heard, as men heardIn Mysian Ida the voiceOf the mighty Mother, or Crete,The murmur of Nature, reply,--“Loveliness, magic, grace,They are here! they are set in the world,They abide; and the finest of soulsHath not been thrilled by them all,Nor the dullest been dead to them quite.The poet who sings them may die,But they are immortal and live,For they are the life of the world.Will ye not learn it, and know,When ye mourn that a poet is dead,That the singer was less than his themes,Life, and emotion, and I?

“More than the singer are these.Weak is the tremor of painThat thrills in his mournfullest chordTo that which once ran through his soul.Cold the elation of joyIn his gladdest, airiest song,To that which of old in his youthFilled him and made him divine.Hardly his voice at its bestGives us a sense of the awe,The vastness, the grandeur, the gloom,Of the unlit gulf of himself.

“Ye know not yourselves; and your bards--The clearest, the best, who have readMost in themselves--have beheldLess than they left unrevealed.Ye express not yourselves: can ye makeWith marble, with color, with word,What charmed you in others re-live?Can thy pencil, O artist! restoreThe figure, the bloom of thy love,As she was in her morning of spring?Canst thou paint the ineffable smileOf her eyes as they rested on thine?Can the image of life have the glow,The motion of life itself?

“Yourselves and your fellows ye know not; and me,The mateless, the one, will ye know?Will ye scan me, and read me, and tellOf the thoughts that ferment in my breast,My longing, my sadness, my joy?Will ye claim for your great ones the giftTo have rendered the gleam of my skies,To have echoed the moan of my seas,Uttered the voice of my hills?When your great ones depart, will ye say,--All things have suffered a loss,Nature is hid in their grave?

“Race after race, man after man,Have thought that my secret was theirs,Have dreamed that I lived but for them,That they were my glory and joy.--They are dust, they are changed, they are gone!I remain.”

Words in this poem 20
dripping n.
A falling in drops, or the sound so made.
sheen v. i.
To shine; to glisten.
sheepfold n.
A fold or pen for sheep; a place where sheep are collected or confined.
ruth n.
Sorrow for the misery of another; pity; tenderness. [From Rue, v.: cf. Icel. hryggedh, hrygedh.]
dejection n.
A casting down; depression. Hallywell. [L. dejectio a casting down: cf. F. déjection.]
theban a.
Of or pertaining to Thebes. Theban year (Anc. Chron.), the Egyptian year of 365 days and 6 hours. J. Bryant. [L. Thebanus.]
helicon n.
A mountain in Boeotia, in Greece, supposed by the Greeks to be the residence of Apollo and the Muses.
afar adv.
At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.]
parnassus n.
A mountain in Greece, sacred to Apollo and the Muses, and famous for a temple of Apollo and for the Castalian spring. Grass of Parnassus. (Bot.) See under Grass, and Parnassia.
clang v. t.
To strike together so as to produce a ringing metallic sound. [L. clangere; akin to Gr. clank.]
drank n.
Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Cf. 3d Drake.]
daylight n.
The light of day as opposed to the darkness of night; the light of the sun, as opposed to that of the moon or to artificial light.
watcher n.
One who watches; one who sits up or continues; a diligent observer; specifically, one who attends upon the sick during the night.
loveliness n.
The state or quality of being lovely. [From Lovely.]
elation n.
A lifting up by success; exaltation; inriation with pride of prosperity. [L. elatio. See Elate.]
artist n.
One who practices some mechanic art or craft; an artisan. [F. artiste, LL. artista, fr. L. ars. See Art, n., and cf. Artiste.]
mateless a.
Having no mate. [Cf. Matchless.]
scan v. t.
To mount by steps; to go through with step by step. [L. scandere, scansum, to climb, to scan, akin to Skr. skand to spring, leap: cf. F. scander. Cf. Ascend, Descend, Scale a ladder.]
sadness n.
Heaviness; firmness.
depart v. i.
To part; to divide; to separate. [OE. departen to divide, part, depart, F. départir to divide, distribute, se départir to separate one's self, depart; pref. dé- (L. de) + partir to part, depart,]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Youth of Nature is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #54985; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Matthew Arnold, The Youth of Nature, in Poems (1849–1867), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #54985, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/arnold-poems/the-youth-of-nature.html, id L07046.

Form and metre

The Youth of Nature is 134 lines in 11 verse paragraphs. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is anapaestic trimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.9 syllables. 1 line ends on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 25% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in anapaestic trimeter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ----A---A--A oars · lake · dream · moon · headA · night · haze · there · deadA · aye · old · deadA
  2. 3 -A-----A condemned · decayA · youth · throes · loved · peers · seer · dayA
  3. 4 ----A-A----- tilphusa · moon · lake · peaks · clearA · flames · earA · led · spring · died · thebes · again
  4. 7 ---A-B---A-B---A heard · voice · crete · replyA · grace · worldB · souls · all · quite · dieA · live · worldB · know · dead · themes · iA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic trimeter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Raised are the dripping oars,7·˘··/˘·
Silent the boat! The lake,6/˘····
Lovely and soft as a dream,7/˘·····
Swims in the sheen of the moon.7·······
The mountains stand at its head7·/˘····
Clear in the pure June-night,6······
But the valleys are flooded with haze.9··/˘·/˘··
Rydal and Fairfield are there;7···/···
In the shadow Wordsworth lies dead.8··/·/˘··
So it is, so it will be for aye.9·········
Nature is fresh as of old,7/˘·····
Is lovely; a mortal is dead.8·/˘·/˘··
The spots which recall him survive,8···/··˘/
For he lent a new life to these hills.9·········
The Pillar still broods o’er the fields8·/˘·····
Which border Ennerdale Lake,8·/˘·····
And Egremont sleeps by the sea.8········
The gleam of The Evening Star7····/˘·
Twinkles on Grasmere no more,7/˘·····
But ruined and solemn and gray8·/˘·/˘··
The sheepfold of Michael survives;8·/˘·/˘˘/
And far to the south, the heath7·······
Still blows in the Quantock coombs,7·······
By the favorite waters of Ruth.8··/˘/˘··
These survive! Yet not without pain,8·˘/·····
Pain and dejection to-night,7··˘/˘··
Can I feel that their poet is gone.9·····/˘··
He grew old in an age he condemned.9·······˘/
He looked on the rushing decay8····/˘˘/
Of the times which had sheltered his youth;9·····/˘··
Felt the dissolving throes6··˘/˘·
Of a social order he loved;8··/˘/˘··
Outlived his brethren, his peers;8·/˘·/˘··
And, like the Theban seer,6···/˘·
Died in his enemies’ day.7···/˘˘·
Cold bubbled the spring of Tilphusa,9·/˘······
Copais lay bright in the moon,7·······
Helicon glassed in the lake8/˘··˘···
Its firs, and afar rose the peaks8···˘/···
Of Parnassus, snowily clear;8··/˘····
Thebes was behind him in flames,7·······
And the clang of arms in his ear,8········
When his awe-struck captors led7····/˘·
The Theban seer to the spring.7·/˘····
Tiresias drank and died.6······
Nor did reviving Thebes6··˘/˘·
See such a prophet again.7···/˘˘/
Well may we mourn, when the head7·······
Of a sacred poet lies low8··/˘/˘··
In an age which can rear them no more!9·········
The complaining millions of men8·˘/˘/˘··
Darken in labor and pain;7/˘·/˘··
But he was a priest to us all8········
Of the wonder and bloom of the world,9··/˘·····
Which we saw with his eyes, and were glad.9·········
He is dead, and the fruit-bearing day9······/˘·
Of his race is past on the earth;8········
And darkness returns to our eyes.8·/˘˘/·/·
For, oh! is it you, is it you,8········
Moonlight, and shadow, and lake,7/··/···
And mountains, that fill us with joy,8·/˘·····
Or the poet who sings you so well?9··/˘·····
Is it you, O beauty, O grace,8····/˘··
O charm, O romance, that we feel,8···˘/···
Or the voice which reveals what you are?9····˘/···
Are ye, like daylight and sun,7···/···
Shared and rejoiced in by all?8·˘·˘/···
Or are ye immersed in the mass8···˘/···
Of matter, and hard to extract,8·/˘···˘/
Or sunk at the core of the world8········
Too deep for the most to discern?8······˘/
Like stars in the deep of the sky,8········
Which arise on the glass of the sage,9·˘/······
But are lost when their watcher is gone.9·····/˘··
“They are here,”--I heard, as men heard8········
In Mysian Ida the voice7···/˘··
Of the mighty Mother, or Crete,8··/˘/˘··
The murmur of Nature, reply,--8·/˘·/˘˘/
“Loveliness, magic, grace,6/˘˘/˘·
They are here! they are set in the world,9·········
They abide; and the finest of souls9·˘/··/˘··
Hath not been thrilled by them all,8····˘···
Nor the dullest been dead to them quite.9··/˘·····
The poet who sings them may die,8·/˘·····
But they are immortal and live,8···˘/˘··
For they are the life of the world.8········
Will ye not learn it, and know,7·······
When ye mourn that a poet is dead,9·····/˘··
That the singer was less than his themes,9··/˘·····
Life, and emotion, and I?7··˘/˘··
“More than the singer are these.7···/˘··
Weak is the tremor of pain7···/˘··
That thrills in his mournfullest chord8····/˘˘·
To that which once ran through his soul.8········
Cold the elation of joy7··˘/˘··
In his gladdest, airiest song,7··/˘···
To that which of old in his youth8········
Filled him and made him divine.8·˘····˘/
Hardly his voice at its best7/˘·····
Gives us a sense of the awe,7·······
The vastness, the grandeur, the gloom,8·/˘·˘/··
Of the unlit gulf of himself.8······˘/
“Ye know not yourselves; and your bards--8···˘/···
The clearest, the best, who have read8·/˘·····
Most in themselves--have beheld7··˘/·˘/
Less than they left unrevealed.8·······˘
Ye express not yourselves: can ye make9·˘/·/˘···
With marble, with color, with word,8·/˘·/˘··
What charmed you in others re-live?8····/˘··
Can thy pencil, O artist! restore9··/˘·/˘˘/
The figure, the bloom of thy love,8·/˘·····
As she was in her morning of spring?9·····/˘··
Canst thou paint the ineffable smile8····˘/˘·
Of her eyes as they rested on thine?9·····/˘··
Can the image of life have the glow,9··/˘·····
The motion of life itself?7·/˘··˘/
“Yourselves and your fellows ye know not; and me,11/˘··/˘·····
The mateless, the one, will ye know?8·/˘·····
Will ye scan me, and read me, and tell9·········
Of the thoughts that ferment in my breast,9····˘/···
My longing, my sadness, my joy?8·/˘·/˘··
Will ye claim for your great ones the gift9·········
To have rendered the gleam of my skies,9··/˘·····
To have echoed the moan of my seas,9··/˘·····
Uttered the voice of my hills?8/˘˘·····
When your great ones depart, will ye say,--9····˘/···
All things have suffered a loss,8···/˘˘··
Nature is hid in their grave?7/˘·····
“Race after race, man after man,8········
Have thought that my secret was theirs,8····/˘··
Have dreamed that I lived but for them,8········
That they were my glory and joy.8····/˘··
--They are dust, they are changed, they are gone!9·········
I remain.”3·˘/

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